David Mushet

David Mushet
Ganwyd2 Hydref 1772 Edit this on Wikidata
Dalkeith Edit this on Wikidata
Bu farw7 Mehefin 1847 Edit this on Wikidata
Trefynwy Edit this on Wikidata
DinasyddiaethTeyrnas Prydain Fawr, Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr ac Iwerddon Edit this on Wikidata
Galwedigaethpeiriannydd, metelegwr Edit this on Wikidata
TadWilliam Mushet Edit this on Wikidata
MamMargaret Cochrane Edit this on Wikidata
PriodAgnes Wilson Edit this on Wikidata
PlantRobert Forester Mushet Edit this on Wikidata

Peiriannydd o'r Alban oedd David Mushet (2 Hydref 1772 – 7 Mehefin 1847),[1] sy'n adnabyddus am ei ddyfeisiadau ym maes meteleg a glo.

Bywyd cynnar

Ganwyd Mushet ar 2 hydref 1772 yn Dalkeith ger Caeredin; ef oedd mab ieuengaf Margaret Cochran a William Mushet.[2] Cafodd ei addysg yn Ysgol Ramadeg Dalkeith.

Gwaith

Olion gwaith Haearn Darkhill.
Bedd David ac Agnes Mushet

Yn 1800, cymerodd batent ar y broses o gynhyrchu haearn gyr, a gwerthodd y patent i gwmni o Sheffield am £3000. Daeth ei gyflogwyr (Clyde Iron Works) yn eiddigeddus iawn ohono a diswyddwyd ef yn yr un flwyddyn. [3]

Y flwyddyn ganlynol, gyda chymorth partneriaid, prynodd ac ailadeiladwyd y Gwaith Haearn Calder, lle y parhaodd gyda'i arbrofion. Dyma ble wnaeth ei ail ddarganfyddiad mawr, yn 1801, pan y profodd y gellid defnyddio 'Haearnfaen band-du,'[4]) i gynhyrchu haearn, mewn modd economaidd iawn. Yn flaenorol, edrychid ar y math hwn o lo fel glo diwerth. Daeth yn ddyn cyfoethog iawn dros nos ac arweiniodd at ehangu diwydiant haearn yr Alban ar raddfa mawr gan ddod â miliynau o bunnoedd o elw i diwydianwyr yr Alban.(pp121,127)

Erbyn 1805 cyhoeddodd Mushet ddeg ar hugain o bapurau yn Philosophical Magazine. Yn ei lyfr, Dyn o Haearn - Man of Steel, dywed yr hanesydd Ralph Anstis  bod pobl yn edrych i fyny at Mushet: "as an authority both at home and abroad on matters connected with iron and steel making. Not unnaturally, perhaps, he was becoming dissatisfied with the limitations imposed by the Calder Iron Works and, restive for wider experience and greater opportunities, decided to move on".

Cyfeiriadau

  1. ↑ Joel Mokyr. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Economic History (Oxford University Press, 2003),. t. 461
  2. ↑ The Mushets of Dalkeith
  3. ↑  "Mushet, David" . Dictionary of National Biography. Llundain: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  4. ↑ http://www.scottishmining.co.uk/Indexes/Barrowman.html

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