April 12: Galileo is convicted of heresy at an inquisition in Rome, after refusing to abandon his controversial teaching that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
January 20 – Galileo Galilei, having been summoned to Rome on orders of Pope Urban VIII, leaves for Florence for his journey. His carriage is halted at Ponte a Centino at the border of Tuscany, where he is quarantined for 22 days because of an outbreak of the plague. [1]
Fire engines are used for the first time in England in order to control and extinguish a fire that breaks out at London Bridge, but not before 43 houses are destroyed.[2]
May 22 – Samuel de Champlain, founder of the French colony of New France, returns to Quebec after being gone for four years, commissioned as Lieutenant General of the troops of New France, but not as governor.
May 28 – Aurangzeb, Crown Prince of the Mughal Empire in India, narrowly escapes death when an elephant stampedes through his encampment, but is able to defend himself with a lance.
The epoch of the Javanese calendar, created by Sultan Agung of Mataram. It coincides with the start of the Hijri Year 1043 but the year numbering continues those of the pre-existing Saka calendar, thus making the calendar start from year 1555 instead of 1.
November 29 – The Ark runs into a more violent storm, but manages to stay afloat and to continue on its journey to America. The Dove turns out to have survived the storms, and both ships will arrive in Maryland on February 24.
December 9 – Francisco de Murga, Spain's Governor of the South American province of Cartagena (now in Colombia), crushes a revolt by escaped African slaves in an attack against the palenque of Limón. De Murga captures 80 residents, and, after a trial, has 13 executed, with the drawing and quartering of their bodies.
Date unknown
The Jews of Poznań are granted the privilege of forbidding Christians to enter into their city quarter.
^William R. Shea and Mariano Artigas, Galileo in Rome: The Rise and Fall of a Troublesome Genius (Oxford University Press, 2004)
^ "Fires, Great", in The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p29
^Ashley, Michael (1998). British monarchs : the complete genealogy, gazetteer, and biographical encyclopedia of the kings & queens of Britain. London: Robinson. p. 37. ISBN9781854875044.
^Schoell, Frédéric; Xaver, Franz; von Zach, Freiherr (1832). Cours d'histoire des états européen. Vol. 27. de l'imprimerie royale et chez Duncker et Humblot. p. 183.
^"The Siege". BBC. Archived from the original on May 31, 2020. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
^Pepys, Samuel (2006). The letters of Samuel Pepys, 1656-1703. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. p. 15. ISBN9781843831976.
^Fritze, Ronald (1996). Historical dictionary of Stuart England, 1603-1689. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p. 267. ISBN9780313283918.
^Herbert, George (1989). Lament and love. City: Lamp. p. 4. ISBN9780551018273.
