The defending champions were Legia Warsaw, who won their 4th Polish title.
Competition modus
The season started on 9 August 1969 and concluded on 21 June 1970 (autumn-spring league). The season was played as a round-robin tournament. The team at the top of the standings won the league title. A total of 14 teams participated, 12 of which competed in the league during the 1968–69 season, while the remaining two were promoted from the 1968–69 II liga. Each team played a total of 26 matches, half at home and half away, two games against each other team. Teams received two points for a win and one point for a draw.