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Acrotelm

The acrotelm is one of two distinct layers in undisturbed peat bogs. It overlies the catotelm. The boundary between the two layers is defined by the transition from peat containing living plants (acrotelm) to peat containing dead plant material (catotelm). This typically coincides with the lowest level of the water table. To lower the water table before harvesting, ditching is performed first.

Natural peatlands

Structure of a peat bog that tells acrotelm overlies the catotelm

Fluctuations in water table in a peat bog occur within the acrotelm, and hence conditions may vary from aerobic to anaerobic with time.[1]

Where there is extensive geological fluctuations in the peatland surface, the depth of the acrotelm may change fundamentally north of a couple of meters of distance.[2] In general, the acrotelm has a higher hydraulic conductivity and a lower bulk density than the catotelm.[2] Other characteristics are shared by these two zones.[3]

Mined peatlands

After ditching, the acrotelm becomes thicker and more effective, drying the peat and simplifying harvesting. Drainage and subsidence lower the elevation of the peat surface, significantly lowering the soil's hydraulic conductivity.

Importance of atmospheric deposition

Ombrotrophic Bogs

Completely developed acrotelm, only found in ombrotrophic bogs, make it possible to study atmospheric deposition and how it affects ecosystems.[4] Through the relatively quick disintegration of the acrotelm, only a small portion of the total nutrients locked up in the plant material are mineralized, making them available for additional plant development inclusive of bacterial and fungal activity.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ Craft, Christopher (1 January 2016), Craft, Christopher (ed.), "7 - Peatlands", Creating and Restoring Wetlands, Boston: Elsevier, pp. 161–192, ISBN 978-0-12-407232-9, retrieved 13 April 2023
  2. ^ a b Assessment, US EPA National Center for Environmental (15 March 2009). "Peat and Peatlands". hero.epa.gov. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  3. ^ Charman, D. J. (1 January 2009), "Peat and Peatlands", in Likens, Gene E. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 541–548, ISBN 978-0-12-370626-3, retrieved 13 April 2023
  4. ^ a b Vitt, D. H. (1 January 2008), "Peatlands", in Jørgensen, Sven Erik; Fath, Brian D. (eds.), Encyclopedia of Ecology, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 2656–2664, ISBN 978-0-08-045405-4, retrieved 13 April 2023
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