Burley, or Burley-on-the-Hill, is a village and civil parish in the county of Rutland in the East Midlands of England. It is located two miles (3 km) north-east of Oakham. The population of the civil parish was 577 at the 2001 census, including Egleton, but reducing to 325 at the 2011 census.[3]
The village's name means 'wood/clearing with a fortification'.[4]
In 1379 Sir Thomas le Despenser granted the Burley manor to trustees, two of whom were his brother Henry, Bishop of Norwich and his nephew Hugh le Despenser. Thomas died without issue in 1381, when at the outbreak of the Peasants' Revolt, Henry was at Burley and travelled to Norwich to confront the rebels.[7]
The Old Smithy on the village green was used in advertisements for Cherry Blossom shoe polish in the 1920s.
HM Prison Ashwell was located about one mile (2 km) west of the centre of the village on what was previously the site of a World War II US Army base, home to part of the 82nd Airborne Division. Ashwell Prison closed in March 2011 and has been redeveloped as Oakham Enterprise Park, a business park for office and light industrial use.
A new house, designed in the manner associated with Sir Christopher Wren, was built in the 1690s[12] by Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham, 7th Earl of Winchilsea, who was to a large extent his own architect and involved himself in the minutiae of construction, but employed Henry Dormer (died 1727) to supervise its building. Nottingham replaced Dormer with John Lumley in 1697.[13] Before embarking on the project, Lord Nottingham consulted Wren and had measurements taken at Berkeley House and Montagu House in London.[14] The house, in an H-plan, has a pedimented central block and lightly projecting end pavilions. With its symmetrical wings and outbuildings forming a cour d'honneur, and segmental walling linking matching blocks in a larger outer grassed court, it forms one of the most ambitious aristocratic ensembles of the late seventeenth century.
In 1908 a fire broke out during a party attended by Winston Churchill, destroying the west part of the house.
The mansion was converted into six dwellings by Kit Martin in 1993–98, with a further 22 dwellings on the estate. Previously the estate had been purchased by Asil Nadir in 1991.
Avro VulcanXM604 of 9 Squadron crashed at 1.24pm on Tuesday 30 January 1968, 20 yards from the house of Geoffrey Eayrs. The Vulcan was inverted when it crashed, and totally disintegrated. It was witnessed by resident Colonel Sir Roland Findlay.
It killed four aircrew
Flying Officer Barry Donald Goodman of Rickmansworth, a radar operator
Flight Lieutenant Stephen Roderick Sumpter, of Whetstone, London, navigator
Flight Lieutenant Michael Joseph Whelan, of Enniscorthy (Republic of Ireland), electronics officer
Flight Lieutenant Alistir William Bennett, of Muswell Hill, radar instructor
Only Michael Whelan was not married. The wife of Stephen Sumpter had a baby two days before.
Pilot Peter Charles Tait, aged 25, of Farlington, Hampshire near Portsmouth, and co-pilot Michael John Gillett, of the Isle of Man, ejected to safety, because only the two pilots had any ejection seats. The pilot landed near the house, and the co-pilot landed in a ploughed field around a half-mile away. The pilot called in at the house, having narrowly missed the house with his four-engined aircraft, and asked the house owner if he could make a telephone call.[17][18][19]
The funeral of Michael Whelan took place in Ireland on Monday 5 February, and the funeral of the other three aircrew was on Tuesday 6 February at Cottesmore church.
^Roger Lockyer, Buckingham (London: Longman, 1981), pp. 63–64.
^Henry Paton, HMC Mar & Kellie, 2 (London, 1930), pp. 109, 116: Roger Lockyer, Buckingham (London, 1981), p. 215.
^Foundations were laid in 1694 (H. J. Habakkuk, "Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham: His House and Estate", J. H. Plumb, ed. Studies in Social History (1955).
^Howard Colvin, A Biographical Dictionary of British Architects, 3rd ed. 1995, s.v. "Dormer, Henry".
^A suite of reception rooms designed by Joseph Bonomi for Lord Winchilsea, 1782, were never carried out. (Colvin 1995, s.v. "Bonomi, Joseph", "Johnson, John".).