Hokkaido proportional representation block
The Hokkaidō proportional representation block (比例[代表]北海道ブロック , Hirei [daihyō] Hokkaidō burokku ) or in official usage the "Hokkaidō electoral district" (北海道選挙区, Hokkaidō senkyo-ku ) is one of eleven proportional representation (PR) blocks for the House of Representatives in the Diet of Japan . It consists of Hokkaidō and is one of two PR blocks that covers only one prefecture, the other being Tokyo . Following the introduction of proportional voting, it elected nine representatives in the election of 1996. Since 2000, the Hokkaidō PR block has been represented by eight representatives.
Summary of results
With eight seats, Hokkaidō is the second-smallest PR block (Shikoku has only six seats), and the vote share needed to gain a seat is usually above ten percent. In 2000, when the combined vote of the two major parties reached a low of 56.8%, the Social Democratic Party managed to obtain a seat with only 8.9% of the vote (for a detailed explanation, see D'Hondt method ).
In addition to the five national parties that emerged from the party realignments of the 1990s, the regionalist one-man party New Party Daichi has become a contender for PR seats in Hokkaidō. In the first three elections in which it fielded candidates, it managed to obtain the third-largest vote share and one seat. In 2012, the Liberal Democratic Party became first party in the Hokkaidō proportional election for the first time, and has narrowly held onto that position in 2014 and 2017.
general election
LDP
DPJ ('96–'14)/CDPJ ('17)
Kōmeitō
JCP
SDP
NPD
NFP ('96)/LP ('00)/TPJ ('12)/LP ('17)
JRP ('12)/JIP ('14)/JRP ('17)
YP ('12)/Kibō ('17)
Others
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
Votes
%
Seats
1996
740,677
28.2
3
835,042
31.8
3
–
396,923
15.1
1
–
–
552,847
21.1
2
–
–
100,807
3.8
0
2000
735,318
25.6
2
898,678
31.2
3
368,198
12.8
1
365,061
12.7
1
255,319
8.9
1
–
236,301
8.2
0
–
–
17,987
0.6
0
2003
876,653
31.0
3
1,153,471
40.8
4
394,843
14.0
1
253,442
9.0
0
147,146
5.2
0
–
–
–
–
–
2005
940,705
29.1
3
1,090,727
33.8
3
368,552
11.4
1
241,371
7.5
0
152,646
4.7
0
433,938
13.4
1
–
–
–
–
2009
805,895
24.2
2
1,348,318
40.6
4
354,886
10.7
1
241,345
7.3
0
113,562
3.4
0
433,122
13.0
1
–
–
–
27,675
0.8
0
2012
692,304
26.4
3
477,356
18.2
2
289,011
11.0
1
182,968
7.0
0
48,351
1.8
0
346,848
13.2
1
81,838
3.1
0
333,760
12.7
1
155,522
5.9
0
10,506
0.4
0
2014
744,748
29.8
3
688,922
27.6
2
307,534
12.3
1
302,251
12.1
1
53,604
2.1
0
–
–
247,342
9.9
1
–
155,463
6.2
0
2017 [ 1]
779,903
28.8
3
714,032
26.4
3
298,573
11.0
1
230,316
8.5
0
37,374
1.4
0
226,552
8.4
0
–
74,701
2.8
0
331,463
12.2
1
13,983
0.5
0
Party names are abbreviated as follows (format: abbreviation, translated name, Japanese name, Engrish name):
DPJ "Democratic Party", Minshutō , Democratic Party
LDP Liberal Democratic Party , Jiyūminshutō
Kōmeitō "Justice Party", Kōmeitō , New Justice Party Party
JCP Japanese Communist Party , Nihon Kyōsantō
SDP Social Democratic Party , Shakaiminshutō
NFP New Frontier Party , Shinshintō
LP Liberal Party , Jiyūtō
HRP Happiness Realization Party , Kōfuku-jitsugen-tō
Honshitsu "New Party 'The Essential'", Shintō Honshitsu
List of representatives
Recent results
2017
#: List rank assigned by the party
District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
(in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race (the same threshold as for losing the deposit in the single-member district election)
Hokkaidō block results in the 2017 general House of Representatives election [ 2] [ 3]
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
LDP: 779,903 votes (28.8%), 3 seats
CDP: 714,032 votes (26.4%), 3 seats
Kibō: 331,463 votes (12.2%), 1 seat
1
Kōichi Watanabe
–
Elected
1
Hiroshi Kamiya
Hokkaidō 10 (99.4%)
Elected
1
Tatsumaru Yamaoka
Hokkaidō 9 (81.2%)
Elected
2
Takako Suzuki
–
Elected
Maki Ikeda
Hokkaidō 5 (95.3%)
Elected
Kenkō Matsuki
Hokkaidō 2 (70.9%)
3
Toshimitsu Funahashi
Hokkaidō 1 (87.0%)
Elected
Hiranao Honda
Hokkaidō 4 (87.1%)
Elected
Mika Mizukami
Hokkaidō 12 (60.1%)
Hirohisa Takagi
Hokkaidō 3 (83.9%)
(Daiki Michishita )
Hokkaidō 1 (won)
Miho Takahashi
Hokkaidō 4 (30.6%)
Hiroshi Imazu
Hokkaidō 6 (83.5%)
(Satoshi Arai )
Hokkaidō 3 (won)
5
Kazuko Aoki
–
Yūko Nakagawa
Hokkaidō 11 (83.5%)
(Kaori Ishikawa )
Hokkaidō 11 (won)
6
Shinji Miyoshi
–
Kazuo Maeda
Hokkaidō 8 (80.4%)
7
Maya Yamazaki
–
JCP: 230,316 votes (8.5%), 0 seats
(Takamori Yoshikawa )
Hokkaidō 2 (won)
NPD: 226,552 votes (8.4%), 0 seats
1
Kazuya Hatayama
–
(Hiroyuki Nakamura )
Hokkaidō 4 (won)
1
Muneo Suzuki
–
2
Ryūji Kawabe
–
(Yoshiaki Wada )
Hokkaidō 5 (won)
2
Chisato Abe
–
3
Masatoshi Kanekura
Hokkaidō 2 (50.2%)
(Yoshitaka Itō )
Hokkaidō 7 (won)
JRP: 74,701 votes (2.8%), 0 seats
4
Katsumi Honma
–
(Manabu Horii )
Hokkaidō 9 (won)
1
(Yasufumi Kowada)
Hokkaidō 2 (20.6%)
2
Akiko Hondō
–
(Arata Takebe )
Hokkaidō 12 (won)
2
Akira Satō
–
HRP: 13,983 votes (0.5%), 0 seats
14
Seiichi Shimizu
–
SDP: 53,604 votes (2.1%), 0 seats
1
Hiroshi Noichi
–
15
Chikako Kanazawa
–
1
Kinuko Toyomaki
–
2
Hideo Nakajima
–
Kōmeitō: 298,573 votes (11.0%), 1 seat
1
Hidemichi Satō
–
Elected
2
Hisayuki Takeda
–
2014
#: List rank assigned by the party
District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
(in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race (the same threshold as for losing the deposit in the single-member district election)
Hokkaidō block results in the 2014 general House of Representatives election [ 4]
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
LDP: 744,748 votes (29.8%), 3 seats
DPJ: 688,922 votes (27.6%), 2 seats
Kōmeitō: 307,534 votes (12.3%), 1 seat
1
Kōichi Watanabe
–
Elected
1
Takako Suzuki
Hokkaidō 7 (99.7%)
Elected
1
Hidemichi Satō
–
Elected
2
(Takamori Yoshikawa )
Hokkaidō 2 (won)
2
(Takahiro Yokomichi )
Hokkaidō 1 (won)
2
Hisayuki Takeda
–
–
(Hirohisa Takagi )
Hokkaidō 3 (won)
(Takahiro Sasaki )
Hokkaidō 6 (won)
JCP: 302,251 votes (12.1%), 1 seat
(Hiroyuki Nakamura )
Hokkaidō 4 (won)
(Seiji Ōsaka )
Hokkaidō 8 (won)
1
Kazuya Hatayama
–
Elected
(Nobutaka Machimura )
Hokkaidō 5 (won)
Satoshi Arai
Hokkaidō 3 (92.3%)
Elected
2
Masatoshi Kanakura
Hokkaidō 2 (40.9%)
–
(Yoshitaka Itō )
Hokkaidō 7 (won)
Yoshio Hachiro
Hokkaidō 4 (90.1%)
–
JIP: 247,342 votes (9.9%), 1 seat
(Manabu Horii )
Hokkaidō 9 (won)
Tatsumaru Yamaoka
Hokkaidō 9 (88.1%)
–
1
Kenkō Matsuki
Hokkaidō 2 (63.5%)
Elected
(Yūko Nakagawa )
Hokkaidō 11 (won)
Hiroshi Kamiya
Hokkaidō 10 (82.1%)
–
Yasufumi Kowada
Hokkaidō 3 (28.2%)
–
(Arata Takebe )
Hokkaidō 12 (won)
Kenji Katsube
Hokkaidō 5 (72.2%)
–
3
Tomokazu Ōtake
–
–
Hiroshi Imazu
Hokkaidō 6 (97.2%)
Elected
Takeo Mitsu
Hokkaidō 11 (70.4%)
–
Support no Party: 104,854 votes (4.2%), no seat
Kazuo Maeda
Hokkaidō 8 (93.4%)
Elected
Mika Mizukami
Hokkaidō 12 (67.1%)
–
1
Hidemitsu Sano
–
–
Toshimitsu Funahashi
Hokkaidō 1 (90.9%)
–
SDP: 53,604 votes (2.1%), no seat
2
Akiko Hondō
–
–
13
Seiichi Shimizu
–
–
1
Minoru Michibayashi
–
–
HRP: 12,267 votes (0.5%), no seat
14
Chikako Kanazawa
–
–
PFG: 38,342 votes (1.5%), no seat
1
Yoshinori Moruyama
–
–
15
Kuniyoshi Azuma
–
–
1
Satoshi Yasuda
–
–
2
Yūichi Seto
–
–
2012
#: List rank assigned by the party
District column: For double candidates who concurrently ran in a single-member electoral district, the district column contains the electoral district where they stood and the sekihairitsu (lit. "narrow defeat ratio"), the ratio of margin of defeat. It determines the ranking of candidates who are put on the same list rank by their party.
(in parentheses): Double candidates who are not eligible for election in the proportional block either because they won their district races or were disqualified (for having received less than 10% of the vote in the district race)
Hokkaidō block results in the 2012 general House of Representatives election [ 5]
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
#
Candidate
District
Status
LDP: 692,304 votes (26.4%), 3 seats
DPJ: 477,356 votes (18.2%), 2 seats
NPD: 346,848 votes (13.2%), 1 seat
1
Kōichi Watanabe
–
Elected
1
Takahiro Yokomichi
Hokkaidō 1 (92.9%)
Elected
1
Tomohiro Ishikawa
Hokkaidō 11 (80.8%)
ElectedResigned in 2013
2
(Toshifumi Funahashi )
Hokkaidō 1 (won)
Satoshi Arai
Hokkaidō 3 (73.1%)
Elected
Takako Suzuki
Hokkaidō 7 (69.9%)
Elected in 2013
(Takamori Yoshikawa )
Hokkaidō 2 (won)
Seiji Ōsaka
Hokkaidō 8 (71.7%)
–
Kenkō Matsuki
Hokkaidō 12 (58.0%)
–
(Hirohisa Takagi )
Hokkaidō 3 (won)
Tadamasa Kodaira
Hokkaidō 10 (71.6%)
–
Hiroyasu Shimizu
Hokkaidō 1 (52.1%)
–
(Hiroyuki Nakamura )
Hokkaidō 4 (won)
Takahiro Sasaki
Hokkaidō 6 (67.2%)
–
Takahiro Asano
Hokkaidō 10 (45.2%)
–
(Nobutaka Machimura )
Hokkaidō 5 (won)
Yoshio Hachiro
Hokkaidō 4 (66.8%)
–
Junko Machikawa
Hokkaidō 3 (35.1%)
–
(Hiroshi Imazu )
Hokkaidō 6 (won)
Wakio Mitsui
Hokkaidō 2 (66.4%)
–
Hideto Tomabechi
Hokkaidō 4 (32.3%)
–
(Yoshitaka Itō )
Hokkaidō 7 (won)
Shigeyuki Nakamae
Hokkaidō 5 (53.7%)
–
JRP: 333,760 votes (12.7%), 1 seat
(Kazuo Maeda )
Hokkaidō 8 (won)
Tatsumaru Yamaoka
Hokkaidō 9 (50.8%)
–
1
Miho Takahashi
Hokkaidō 2 (56.4%)
Elected
(Manabu Horii )
Hokkaidō 9 (won)
Hiroko Nakano
Hokkaidō 7 (29.4%)
–
Tomokazu Ōtake
Hokkaidō 1 (54.2%)
–
(Yūko Nakagawa )
Hokkaidō 11 (won)
Maya Yamazaki
Hokkaidō 12 (27.9%)
–
Yasufumi Kowada
Hokkaidō 3 (40.6%)
–
(Arata Takebe )
Hokkaidō 12 (won)
NK: 289,011 votes (11.0%), 1 seat
4
Chitoku Yonenaga
–
–
13
Seiichi Shimizu
–
Elected
1
Hidemichi Satō
–
Elected
JCP: 182,968 votes (7.0%), no seat
14
Shigeaki Katsunuma
–
Elected
2
Hisayuki Takeda
–
–
1
Kazuya Hatayama
–
–
15
Atsuko Ōkoshi
–
–
YP : 155,522 votes (5.9%), no seat
2
(Hiroyuki Norota)
Hokkaidō 1 (22.5%)
DQ
TPJ : 81,838 votes (3.1%), no seat
1
Takanobu Azuma
Hokkaidō 6 (47.2%)
–
SDP: 48,351 votes (1.8%), no seat
1
Mika Kitade
Hokkaidō 8 (23.9%)
–
Yūji Nishida
Hokkaidō 5 (31.9%)
–
1
Takao Asano
–
–
HRP : 10,506 votes (0.4%), no seat
Ryūji Sawada
Hokkaidō 2 (29.4%)
–
1
Ichirō Kojima
–
–
2
Kenjirō Sumi
–
–
2009
Hokkaidō block results in the 2009 general election [ 6] [ 7]
LDP: 805,895 votes (24.2%), 2 seats
DPJ: 1,348,318 votes (40.6%), 4 seats
Kōmeitō: 354,886 votes (10.7%), 1 seat
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"(sekihairitsu)
Elected
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
1
Tsutomu Takebe
Hokkaidō 12
88.6%
Elected
1
Hiroko Nakano
Hokkaidō 7
99.0%
Elected
1
Hisashi Inatsu
PR only
Elected
Nobutaka Machimura
Hokkaidō 5
82.7%
Elected
Takahiro Yokomichi
Hokkaidō 1
Won district
2
Hisayuki Takeda
–
Yoshitaka Itō
Hokkaidō 7
Won district
Wakio Mitsui
Hokkaidō 2
Won district
NPD: 433,122 votes (13.0%), 1 seat
Shōichi Nakagawa
Hokkaidō 11
75.6%
– (died)
Gaku Ishizaki
Hokkaidō 3
Won district
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
Hiroshi Imazu
Hokkaidō 6
68.2%
– (in 2010)
Yoshio Hachiro
Hokkaidō 4
Won district
1
Muneo Suzuki
PR only
Elected
Gaku Hasegawa
Hokkaidō 1
67.8%
–
Chiyomi Kobayashi
Hokkaidō 5
Won district
2
Eita Yashiro
– (DQ)
Gaku Ishizaki
Hokkaidō 3
60.6%
–
Takahiro Sasaki
Hokkaidō 6
Won district
3
Takahiro Asano
– (in 2010)
Takamori Yoshikawa
Hokkaidō 2
56.7%
–
Seiji Ōsaka
Hokkaidō 8
Won district
4
Junko Hana
–
Yukari Iijima
Hokkaidō 10
55.9%
–
Tadamasa Kodaira
Hokkaidō 10
Won district
JCP: 241,345 votes (7.3%), no seat
Tōru Miyamoto
Hokkaidō 4
50.1%
–
Tomohiro Ishikawa
Hokkaidō 11
Won district
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
Satoshi Kawabata
Hokkaidō 9
39.2%
–
Tsutomu Takebe
Hokkaidō 12
Won district
1
Satoshi Miyauchi
PR only
–
Keishirō Fukushima
Hokkaidō 8
33.9%
–
12
Maya Yamazaki
PR only
Elected
2
Chiharu Oka
Hokkaidō 2
16.6%
–
13
Takahiro Anada
PR only
–
13
Tatsumaru Yamaoka
Elected
Kazutoshi Ogiu
Hokkaidō 6
10.1%
–
14
Shin'ya Numazawa
–
14
Hitomi Kudō
Elected
Akiko Satō
Hokkaidō 9
10.0%
–
15
Fumitaka Uechi
–
15
Masanori Sekifuji
–
Yukari Watanabe
Hokkaidō 1
9.3%
–
SDP: 113,562 votes (3.4%), no seat
HRP: 20,276 votes (0.6%), no seat
Honshitsu: 7,399 votes (0.2%), no seat
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
#
Candidate
District
"Loss ratio"
Elected
1
Taka Yamaguchi
PR only
–
1
Naofumi Satō
PR only
–
1
Hidemitsu Sano
PR only
–
2
Yumi Honda
Hokkaidō 2
8.7%
–
2
Tomoo Kobayashi
–
2
Akiko Hondō
–
References
SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1947–1993)
1
2
3
4
5 (22→23 Representatives, 8→4 Councillors)
SNTV "medium-sized" districts (1928–1942)
1
2
3
4
5 (20 Representatives)
FPTP/SNTV "small" districts (1920–1924)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12 (16 Representatives)
Hokkaidō (8 block seats , 12 district seats)Tōhoku (12 block seats , 23 district seats)Kita- (North) Kantō (19 block seats , 32 district seats) Minami- (South) Kantō (23 block seats , 33 district seats) Tokyo (19 block seats , 25 district seats)Hokuriku -Shin'etsu (10 block seats , 19 district seats)Tōkai (21 block seats , 32 district seats)Kinki (28 block seats , 47 district seats)Chūgoku (10 block seats , 20 district seats)Shikoku (6 block seats , 11 district seats)Kyūshū (20 block seats , 35 district seats)Districts eliminated in the 2002 reapportionments Districts eliminated in the 2013 reapportionments Districts eliminated in the 2017 reapportionments Districts eliminated in the 2022 reapportionments