His paternal grandparents were Louis François de Pérusse des Cars, Comte des Cars and Marquis de Pranzac, and the former Marie-Françoise-Victoire de Verthamon. His uncle was Louis-Nicolas de Pérusse des Cars, Marquis des Cars (father of François-Nicolas-René de Pérusse des Cars, Comte des Cars and grandfather of Amédée de Pérusse des Cars, 2nd Duc de Cars). His maternal grandfather was MarshalJames FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick (an illegitimate son of King James II), the Anglo-French military leader under King Louis XIV. His maternal grandmother was Anne Bulkeley (daughter of Hon. Henry Bulkeley, Master of the Household to James II).[4]
Career
He joined the Navy as a Garde-Marine in 1754.[5] He was promoted to Ensign in 1757[3] and to Lieutenant in 1765.[5] In 1772, he was given command of the 32-gun frigate Zéphyr, Brest.[6]
He was promoted to Captain in April 1777.[3] In 1780, he captained the frigate Prudente,[7] cruising from Saint-Servan to Saint-Malo, Cherbourg and Brest.[8] After Prudente was in battle, Des Cars had an interview with Louis XVI.[9] On 22 June 1779, Prudente was captured by the 64-gun HMS Ruby and HMS Aeolus.[9]
In March 1781,[3] he was promoted to the command of the 74-gunGlorieux,[10] in the squadron under De Grasse.[1] Des Cars placed himself on a shroud of his ship to better direct the battle. In the opening of the Battle of the Saintes, [11] at 9 am,[12] he was wounded by a musket ball, and had to climb down to the deck, where he continued to command. He was then mortally wounded by a large-calibre musket ball, and died shortly afterwards on 12 April 1782.[5] Lt. Trogoff de Kerlessy assumed command.[13] Des Cars' defence of Glorieux was later lauded in the subsequent inquiry into the battle.[12]
Personal life
Des Cars had married Louis-Félicité Buttet in Saint-Domingue.[3] Together, they were the parents of:
Amédée Louis Jacques de Perusse des Cars (1778–1779), who died in infancy.
Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours. Vol. 1. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC165892922.