Killing of captives by the Islamic State
List of executions by ISIS
Executions by ISIS refers here to killing by beheading , immolation , shooting , or other means of soldiers and civilians (such as captives and "criminals") by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). ISIL has released a number of propaganda/publicity videos of beheadings or shootings of captives. Houtat Sulūk is reported to be a mass grave.[1] [2]
List of notable Islamic State executions
Victim(s)
Sex(s)
Nationality(s) of victim(s)
Date of execution(approx.)
Place of execution(approx.)
Method(s)
Reason(s)
39 Indian migrant workers
?
Indian
June 2014
Mosul , Iraq
Unknown execution method
Failure to pay Ransom
1,095–1,700 Iraqi soldiers
M
Iraqi
June 12, 2014
Tikrit , Iraq
Shooting
Sectarian violence against Shi’ite Muslims in
Iraq
200 Syrian soldiers
M
Syrian
July 16-26, 2014
Palmyra , Syria
Shooting
Revenge against the Syrian regime
75 Syrian soldiers
M
Syrian
July 25, 2014
Raqqa , Syria
Beheading
Holding position in Raqqa under allegiance to Bashar al-Assad
James Wright Foley
M
American
August 19, 2014
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading
Retaliation for the American airstrikes against the
Islamic State in Iraq
250 Syrian soldiers
M
Syrian
August 27-28, 2014
Tabqa , Syria
Shooting
Revenge against the Syrian regime
Sgt. Ali al-Sayyed
M
Lebanese
August 28, 2014
Arsal , Lebanon
Beheading
To send a message to Lebanon
Unnamed Peshmerga soldier
M
Kurdish
August 29, 2014
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to the Peshmerga
Steven Joel Sotloff
M
Israeli-American
September 2, 2014
Badiya , Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and continued American airstrikes against the Islamic
State
Sol. Abbas Medlej
M
Lebanese
September 6, 2014
Arsal, Lebanon
Beheading and shooting
Attempting to escape from Islamic State captors
David Cawthorne Haines
M
British
September 13, 2014
Badiya, Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and British airstrikes against the Islamic State
Samira Saleh Ali al-Naimi
F
Iraqi
September 22, 2014
Mosul, Iraq
Shooting
Criticizing the destruction of mosques and ancient artifacts , as well as being an “apostate ”
Hervé Gourdel
M
French
September 24, 2014
Tikjda , Algeria
Beheading
French airstrikes against the Islamic State
Alan Henning
M
British
October 3, 2014
Badiya, Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and the continued British airstrikes against the Islamic State
Sergei Gorbunov
M
Russian
October 25, 2014
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Failure to pay Ransom
Maj. Peter Edward Abdul-Rahman Kassig
M
American
November 16, 2014
Dabiq , Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and the beginning of
American airstrikes against the Islamic State in Syria
21 Syrian soldiers
M
Syrian
November 16, 2014
Dabiq, Syria
Beheading
To send a message to the Syrian regime and Western nations
100 foreign Islamic State fighters
?
?
December 2014
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading
Deserting from the Islamic State and trying to escape Raqqa
1st LT. Muath Safi Yousef al-Kasasbeh
M
Jordanian
January 3, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Immolation
Failure to pay Ransom and in retaliation for Jordanian involvement in “Crusader” airstrikes against the Islamic State in Syria
Mamayev Jambulat Yesenjenovich
M
Kazakh
January 13, 2015
Damascus , Syria
Shooting
Spying for Russian intelligence
Ashimov Sergey Nikolayevich
M
Kazakh
January 13, 2015
Damascus, Syria
Shooting
Spying for Russian intelligence
Haruna Yukawa
M
Japanese
January 24, 2015
Deir ez-Zor , Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and to send a message to Japan
Sol. Hujam Surchi
M
Kurdish
January 28, 2015
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to the Peshmerga and Masoud Barzani
Kenji Goto
M
Japanese
January 31, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom and to send another message to Japan
10 alleged Egyptian spies
M
Egyptian
February 2015
Sinai , Egypt
Beheading
Alleged spying for the Mossad and the Egyptian army
Kayla Jean Mueller
F
American
February 6, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Unknown execution method, Islamic State claimed that she had been killed in a
Jordanian airstrike (proven wrong)
Failure to pay Ransom
1 Ghanaian and 20 Coptic Christians
M
Coptic Egyptian and Ghanaian
February 15, 2015
Tripolitania , Libya
Beheading
To send a message to the Christians and “Crusaders ”, also to avenge
Camelia Shehata Zakher
Mohamed Sa’id Ismail Musallam
M
48-Palestinian
March 10, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Alleged spying for Israel
3 Eritrean and 30 Ethiopian Christians
M
Ethiopian and Eritrean
April 19, 2015
Cyrenaica , Libya and Fezzan , Libya
Beheading and shooting
To send another message to the Christians and “Crusaders”, also to avenge Muslims who
have been killed in U.S. led
coalition airstrikes
Mahmud Abdul-Amir al-Khalaf
M
Iraqi
June 17, 2015
near the Tigris , Iraq
Crucifixion and amputation
Spying for the Peshmerga
16 Iraqi spies
M
Iraqi
June 23, 2015
Mosul, Iraq
RPG blast , drowning and
detonating cord
Spying and giving away information about the Islamic State
Faisal Hussain al-Habib
M
Syrian
July 6, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Participating in the activist group “Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently ”
Bashir Abduladhim
M
Syrian
July 6, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Participating in the activist group “Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently”
Rayif al-Abd
M
Syrian
July 16, 2015
Homs , Syria
Beheading
Fighting against the Islamic State under the Syrian army
10 Afghan spies
M
Afghan
August 9, 2015
Nangarhar , Afghanistan
IED
Spying for the Taliban
Tomislav Salopek
M
Croatian
August 12, 2015
Sinai, Egypt
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom
Mohamed al-Mousa al-Jasim
M
Syrian
August 15, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Participating in the activist group “Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently”
Abdallah al-Khalaf al-Humaid al-Aydan
M
Syrian
August 15, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Participating in the activist group “Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently”
Raqan Hud Awad
M
Syrian
August 15, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Participating in the activist group “Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently”
Khaled Mohamad al-Asaad
M
Syrian
August 18, 2015
Palmyra, Syria
Beheading
Protecting “idols ” and being an “apostate”
4 Iraqi militiamen
M
Iraqi
August 30, 2015
Anbar , Iraq
Immolation
Revenge for Iraqi Soldiers and militiamen burning the corpses of
Islamic State fighters
7 Peshmerga soldiers
M
Kurdish
September 30, 2015
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to the Peshmerga and the family members of the beheaded captives
Muhammad Tayib Ali al-Amri
M
Libyan
October 16, 2015
Cyrenaica, Libya
Shooting
Spying for a “Western Awakening proxy”
Rushdi Ageela Omran al-Masouri
M
Libyan
October 16, 2015
Cyrenaica, Libya
Dragging
Spying for a “Western Awakening proxy”
Fadi Ammar Zidan
M
Syrian
October 24, 2015
Homs, Syria
Crushing
Revenge for Fadi running over the corpses of Islamic State fighters with a tank
Fan Jinghui
M
Chinese
November 18, 2015
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Shooting
Failure to pay Ransom
Ole Johan Grimsgaard-Ofstad
M
Norwegian
November 18, 2015
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Shooting
Failure to pay Ransom
Khasiev Magomed
M
Russian
December 2, 2015
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading
Alleged spying for Russia
25 Houthi soldiers
M
Yemeni
December 4, 2015
Aden Abyan , Yemen
Beheading and various explosives
Revenge for Houthi attacks against the Islamic State
6 Syrian spies
M
Syrian
December 4, 2015
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Beheading and shooting
Alleged spying for Israel and America
Muadh Fayumi
M
Syrian
December 11, 2015
Damascus, Syria
IED
Being part of a “Western Awakening proxy ”
Firas Qataf
M
Syrian
December 11, 2015
Damascus, Syria
IED
Being part of a “Western Awakening proxy”
Javatov Migitin Amirbekovich
M
Dagestani Russian
December 24, 2015
Dagestan , Russia
Shooting
Being a governor of Kakamakhi
Ibakov Shamil Bagauddinovich
M
Dagestani Russian
December 24, 2015
Dagestan, Russia
Shooting
Reporting an Islamic State member to authorities
5 Syrian collaborators with Britain
M
Syrian
January 3, 2016
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Collaborating with Britain
6 Syrian collaborators with France
M
Syrian
January 24, 2016
Badiya, Syria
Beheading and shooting
Collaborating with France
Karim Hussein
M
Iraqi
January 30, 2016
Baiji , Iraq
Beheading
Being part of the Iraqi Shi’ite militia “Asa’ib Ahl al-Haqq ” and fighting against
the Islamic State alongside other Iraqi militias
5 Iraqi collaborators with France
M
Iraqi
January 30, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Shooting
Collaborating with and spying for France
4 Peshmerga soldiers
M
Kurdish
February 2, 2016
Kirkuk , Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to the Peshmerga and America
Muhammad Abdul-Aziz Tabsho
M
Syrian
February 5, 2016
Aleppo , Syria
Beheading
Being an Imam of a “Western Awakening proxy ”
300+ Iraqi soldiers, law enforcement officers and civil activists
?
Iraqi
February 8, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Firing squad
To send a message to Iraq
4 Syrian collaborators with America
M
Syrian
February 11, 2016
Raqqa, Syria
Car bomb
Collaborating with America
8 Iraqi collaborators
M
Iraqi
April 16, 2016
Fallujah , Iraq
Beheading, shooting and detonating cord
Collaborating with Iraqi police and security forces , as well as spying
John Bramwell Ridsdel
M
British-Canadian
April 25, 2016
Sulu , Philippines
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom
3 Houthi soldiers
M
Yemeni
May 19, 2016
Aden Abyan, Yemen
Beheading, shooting and stoning
To send a message to the Houthis and other factions in Yemen that are fighting against the Islamic State
Robert Ward Hall
M
Canadian
June 13, 2016
Sulu, Philippines
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom
5 Syrian collaborators
M
Syrian
June 24, 2016
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Beheading, stabbing , strangulation and various explosives
Collaborating with the Western coalition
5 Syrian collaborators Euphrates
M
Syrian
June 28, 2016
Abu Kamal , Syria
Beheading
Receiving help and training with American forces under the allegiance of “Western Awakening proxies”
Abdullah Aarf Abdul-Wahab Al-Jaheshi
M
Iraqi
July 20, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
Collaborating with and spying for France
Muhannad Mahmud Junaidan Khalaf Al-Sabawi
M
Iraqi
July 20, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
Collaborating with and spying for France
Samir Al-Hamad Majid
M
Iraqi
August 14, 2016
Diyala , Iraq
Shooting
To send a message to Iraq
6 Iraqi captives
M
Iraqi
August 15, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading and shooting
Graffiting anti Islamic State slogans and spying
15 Coalition collaborators
M
Syrian and Kurdish
August 25, 2016
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading and shooting
Participating in the coalition against the Islamic State
Slaughterhouse massacre of 16 Syrians
M
Syrian
September 12, 2016
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Exsanguination
Collaborating with the Western coalition
FCmdr. Ahmad Musa al-Hussein
M
Syrian
September 19, 2016
Aleppo, Syria
Beheading and shooting with a mounted machine gun
Being part of a “Western Awakening proxy ”
10 Iraqi captives
M
Iraqi
October 13, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Shooting
Graffiting anti Islamic State slogans and collaborating against the Islamic State
4 Syrian spies
M
Syrian
October 25, 2016
Raqqa, Syria
Crucifixion, shooting and stabbing
Spying for the Western coalition
300 Iraqi civilians
?
Iraqi
October 28-November 7, 2016
Mosul, Iraq
Unknown execution method
Refusing to join and fight for the Islamic State
3 Syrian collaborators
M
Syrian
November 1, 2016
Abu Kamal, Syria
Beheading and shooting with a vehicle mounted anti-aircraft gun
Being part of a “Western Awakening proxy ”
2 Iraqi spies
M
Iraqi
November 14, 2016
near the Euphrates , Iraq
Shooting with a machine gun
Spying for Iraq
5 Syrian collaborators Damascus
M
Syrian
December 6, 2016
Damascus, Syria
Beheading
Training with American and Jordanian forces under the allegiance of “Western Awakening
proxies”
Pvt. Sefter Taş
M
Turkish
December 22, 2016
Aleppo, Syria
Immolation
Turkish airstrikes against the Islamic State
Pvt. Fethi Şahin
M
Turkish
December 22, 2016
Aleppo, Syria
Immolation
Turkish airstrikes against the Islamic State
6 Syrian combatants
M
Syrian
December 28, 2016
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting and throwing
Being part of or spying for multiple factions that were fighting against the Islamic State in Syria
‘Umar Tariq Mahmud Mustafa at-Tai
M
Iraqi
January 4, 2017
Mosul, Iraq
Beheading
Collaborating with and giving away information about the Islamic State to the Chief of Staff in the
Iraqi army during the Battle of Mosul
Adnan Hadi Muhammad ‘Ali “Seymour”
M
Iraqi
January 4, 2017
Mosul, Iraq
Drowning
Collaborating with and giving away information about the Islamic State to Iraqi soldiers, militiamen
and coalition participants during the Battle of Mosul on an Iraqi radio broadcast podcast , causing 10-11 people to be killed in an
American airstrike and also to punish Adnan for the drinking of liquor that some Iraqi soldiers and
militiamen partake in and have caused others in Mosul to partake in as well
3 PKK spies
M
Syrian and Iraqi
January 7, 2017
Deir ez-Zor, Syria
Beheading and shooting
Spying for the PKK
2 PKK spies
M
Syrian
January 24, 2017
Raqqa, Syria
Exsanguination
Spying for the PKK during the Battle of Raqqa
Jürgen Gustav Kantner
M
German
February 27, 2017
Sulu, Philippines
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom
1LT. Abbas Yassin al-Daraji “Abu Bakir al-Samarayi”
M
Iraqi
March 28, 2017
Ar-Rutba , Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to Iraq
4 PKK soldiers
M
Syrian
April 19, 2017
Raqqa, Syria
Beheading
Fighting against the Islamic State during the Battle of Raqqa
Cpt. Petrenko Evgeny Viktorovich
M
Russian
May 8, 2017
Badiya, Syria
Beheading
Being a Russian intelligence officer
7 Syrian collaborators
M
Syrian
June 18, 2017
near the Jordan–Syria border , Syria
Beheading and firing squad
Collaborating with America and Jordan
Isa Ali Kinash
M
Syrian
July 29, 2017
Raqqa, Syria
Shooting
Betraying the Islamic State and collaborating with the YPG during the Battle of Raqqa
Mohsen Hojaji
M
Iranian
August 10, 2017
Iraqi-Syrian border , Iraq
Beheading
To send a message to Iran , “Rafidhis” (Shi’ite Muslims) and “Majusis”
(Zoroastrians)
Umar Gul
M
Afghan
November 29, 2017
Jalalabad , Afghanistan
Amputation and beheading
Alleged spying for American and Pakistani intelligence agencies
Cpt. Raad Khalaf al-Hamadi
M
Iraqi
December 22, 2017
Anbar, Iraq
Shooting with a machine gun
To send a message to Iraq
Sol. Musaib Jasim al-Mitiri
M
Iraqi
December 22, 2017
Anbar, Iraq
Shooting with a machine gun
To send a message to Iraq
Musa Abu Zammat
M
Egyptian
January 3, 2018
Sinai, Egypt
Shooting
Smuggling weapons from Rafah to Gaza , as well as collaborating with Hamas and the al-Qassam Brigades
Muhannad Touqan Abu Ammar
M
Syrian Druze
August 2, 2018
As-Suwayda , Syria
Beheading
Failure to pay Ransom
Louisa Vesterager Jespersen
F
Danish
December 17, 2018
Toubkal , Morocco
Beheading and stabbing
Revenge for the Battle of Hajin
Maren Ueland
F
Norwegian
December 17, 2018
Toubkal, Morocco
Beheading and stabbing
Revenge for the Battle of Hajin
Sgt. Christopher Omogbai
M
Nigerian
December 8, 2019
Borno , Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigerian soldiers and law enforcement
Sgt. Yakubu Bandi
M
Nigerian
December 8, 2019
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigerian soldiers and law enforcement
Sgt. Yusuf Sulaiman
M
Nigerian
December 8, 2019
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigerian soldiers and law enforcement
11 Nigerian Christians
M
Nigerian
December 26, 2019
Borno, Nigeria
Beheading and shooting
Revenge for the deaths of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi and Abul-Hasan al-Muhajir , also to send a message to Christians
Unnamed Nigerian Christian
M
Nigerian
January 18, 2020
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigerian Christians
Sol. Dandulum Sanjaman Daniel
M
Chadian
April 25, 2020
Mayo-Kebbi , Chad
Shooting
To send a message to Chad
Insp. Johanah James
M
Nigerian
June 11, 2020
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigeria
LCpl. Emannuel Oscar
M
Nigerian
June 11, 2020
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigeria
5 Nigerian Christians
M
Nigerian
December 29, 2020
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigerian Christians
11 Hazara Shi’ites
M
Pakistani Hazara
January 3, 2021
Machh , Pakistan
Exsanguination
To persecute Hazaras and Shi’ite Muslims
Nabil Habashi Salama
M
Coptic Egyptian
April 17, 2021
Sinai, Egypt
Shooting
To send a message and warning to Coptic Christians in Egypt
2 Egyptian tribal fighters
M
Egyptian
April 17, 2021
Sinai, Egypt
Shooting
Fighting alongside the Egyptian army
20 Nigerian Christians
M
Nigerian
May 10, 2022
Borno, Nigeria
Beheading and shooting
Revenge for the deaths of Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi and Abu Hamza Al-Qurashi , also to send a message to Christians
Sol. Mohammud Abdullahi
M
Nigerien
July 10, 2022
Diffa , Niger
Shooting
To send a message to the people of Diffa and Nigerien soldiers
4 Cameroonian Christians
M
Cameroonian
January 9, 2024
Bargaram , Cameroon
Shooting
Revenge for the Israeli assault and airstrikes in Gaza that started in 2023 , also to send a message to Christians and Jews
Sol. Kali
M
Nigerian
April 16, 2024
Borno, Nigeria
Shooting
To send a message to Nigeria
Military captives
By June 2014, according to United Nations reports, ISIL had killed hundreds of prisoners of war[3] and over 1,000 civilians.[4] [5] [6] Specific incidents involving the killing of military prisoners including the mass killing of up to 250 Syrian Army soldiers near Tabqa Air base ,[3] and killings that took place in Camp Speicher (1,095–1,700 Iraqi soldiers shot and "thousands" more "missing")[7] [8] and the Shaer gas field (200 Syrian soldiers shot).[9] ISIL was reported to have beheaded about 100 foreign fighters as deserters who tried to leave Raqqa .[10]
Civilian captives
Among the known killings of religious and minority group civilians carried out by ISIL are those in the villages and towns of Qiiniyeh (70–90 Yazidis killed), Hardan (60 Yazidis killed), Sinjar (200–500 Yazidis killed), Ramadi Jabal (60–70 Yazidis killed), Dohula (50 Yazidis killed), Khana Sor (100 Yazidis killed), Hardan (250–300 Yazidis killed), al-Shamal (dozens of Yazidis killed), Kocho (400 Yazidis killed and 1,000 abducted), Jadala (14 Yadizis killed)[13] and Beshir (700 Shia Turkmen killed),[citation needed ] and others committed near Mosul (670 Shia inmates of the Badush prison killed),[citation needed ] and in Tal Afar prison, Iraq (205 Yazidis killed for refusing conversion).[13]
Journalists
ISIL has tortured and murdered both local and foreign journalists,[14] [15] creating what Reporters Without Borders calls "news blackholes" in areas controlled by ISIL. ISIL fighters have reportedly been given written directions to kill or capture journalists.[16]
James Wright Foley (October 18, 1973 – c. August 19, 2014) was an American freelance journalist and photojournalist of the Syrian Civil War when he was abducted on November 22, 2012, in northwestern Syria. Foley was the first American citizen to be killed by "Jihadi John ".[17] James Foley's beheading by ISIL received wide condemnation in the United States.
Steven Joel Sotloff (May 11, 1983 – c. September 2, 2014) was an Israeli-American [18] journalist for Time magazine and The Jerusalem Post , although the Post disavowed any relationship once Sotloff's life was threatened. In 2013, he was kidnapped in Aleppo , Syria, and was held captive by Islamic militants. On September 2, 2014, a video was released purporting to show "Jihadi John " beheading Steven Sotloff.[19] [20]
On January 8, 2015, ISIL members in Libya claimed to have executed Tunisian journalists Sofiene Chourabi and Nadhir Ktari who disappeared in September 2014.[21]
In January 2015 ISIL threatened to kill two Japanese hostages, Kenji Goto Jogo, a journalist, and Haruna Yukawa (湯川遥菜 ), a military company operator, unless a ransom of 200 million USD is paid. By the end of the month, the group released another video of the beheading of Goto, in which Jihadi John proclaimed to Japanese prime minister Shinzō Abe "because of your reckless decision to take part in an unwinnable war, this knife will not only slaughter Kenji, but will also carry on and cause carnage wherever your people are found. So let the nightmare for Japan begin."[22]
Aid workers
ISIL has also murdered aid workers.
David Haines (May 9, 1970 – c. September 13, 2014) was abducted in March 2013 by ISIL while working in Syria for the humanitarian aid group Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development assessing the Atmeh refugee camp near the Turkish border and the Syrian province of Idlib .[23] [24] A video of the lead-up and aftermath of David Haines' beheading, entitled "A Message to the Allies of America", was released by ISIL on September 13, 2014.[25]
Hervé Gourdel (September 12, 1959 – c. September 24, 2014) was a French citizen and mountaineering guide.[26] Gourdel was kidnapped on September 21, 2014, while hiking in the Djurdjura National Park in Algeria.[citation needed ] The following day, an at the time recently formed ISIL affiliate in Algeria, Jund al-Khilafah , released a video which showed Hervé Gourdel being held hostage. The group threatened to kill Gourdel if the French government continued to conduct airstrikes against ISIL . On September 24, they carried through on threats to behead him after a 24-hour deadline passed.[27] The beheading was captured in a video titled "A Message of Blood for French Government."[28] [29]
Alan Henning (August 15, 1967 – c. October 3, 2014) was a British humanitarian aid worker.[30] Henning was the fourth Western hostage killed by ISIL. Henning was captured during ISIL's occupation of the Syrian city of Al-Dana in December 2013, where he was helping with humanitarian relief.[31] The British Foreign Office withheld news of Henning's capture while they attempted to negotiate his release. Alan Henning was shown at the end of David Haines's beheading video, released on September 13, 2014, and referred to by "Jihadi John " as the next victim.[32] [33] A video of Henning's beheading was released by ISIL on October 3, 2014.[30]
Peter Edward Kassig (February 19, 1988 – 2014),[34] also known by the name Abdul-Rahman Kassig which he assumed in captivity, was 26 years old at the time he was beheaded.[35] He was the adopted child of Ed, a school teacher, and Paula Kassig, a nurse.[36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] On October 1, 2013, as he was on his way to Deir Ezzour in eastern Syria to deliver food and medical supplies to refugees, Kassig was taken captive by ISIL.[42] [43] While in captivity, Kassig – formerly a Methodist – converted to Islam and changed his name to Abdul-Rahman Kassig, sometime between October and December 2013.[44] [45] On October 3, 2014, his parents released a video in which they stressed that his conversion to Islam was not forced, and that his path to conversion began before he was taken captive.[44] On November 16, 2014, ISIL posted a video showing "Jihadi John " standing over a severed human head.[46] The beheading itself was not shown in the video. The White House later confirmed the person killed was Kassig.[47]
ISIL claimed that U.S. hostage Kayla Mueller was killed in the Jordanian airstrike on Raqqa on 5 February 2015. However, some experts believe that she may have been killed before the date of the video's release, in order for ISIL to try to drive a wedge between the U.S. and Jordan by blaming her death on the Jordanian airstrikes.[48] [49] [50] Shortly thereafter President Obama confirmed the death of Mueller by ISIL.[48] [51] [52] [53]
On November 19, 2015, Chinese national Fan Jinghui (樊京辉 [54] ) and Norwegian national Ole Johan Grimsgaard-Ofstad were murdered by being shot by ISIL, and pictures were released in ISIL's magazine Dabiq.[55] [56] [57]
See also
References
^ "ISIL Executes Three Men - Raqqa, Syria" . Transterra Media . January 2014. Archived from the original on 23 February 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2018 .
^ "Unterwegs mit kurdischen Kämpfern - An der IS-Front" [Traveling with Kurdish fighters - At the Islamic State front]. spigel.tv . Retrieved 3 December 2018 .
^ a b "Video shows Islamic State executes scores of Syrian soldiers ". Reuters. 28 August 2014.
^ "More than 1,000 killed in Iraq violence in June: U.N." Reuters . Retrieved 4 July 2014 .
^ "Iraq violence: UN confirms more than 2000 killed, injured since early June" . UN News Centre. 24 June 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014 .
^ "UN warns of war crimes as ISIL allegedly executes 1,700" . Today's Zaman . 15 June 2014. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2014 .
^ " "داعش"، "أزلام صدام" أم "طرف ثالث".. من يقف وراء قتل 1700 جندي في "مجزرة سبايكر" بالعراق؟ ("Daash", "Saddam's henchmen" or "third party.". Who is behind murder of 1,700 in massacre Spyker "in Iraq?)" (in Arabic). CNN. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014 .
^ "البغدادية - قاسم عطا: 11000 مفقوداً من قاعد سبايكر وهناك مقابر جماعية للجنود في القصور الرئاسية والبوعجيل بتكريت (Qassim Atta: 11,000 missing from Spyker massacre are the mass graves of soldiers at the Presidential Palace in Tikrit)" (in Arabic). Al Baghdadia. 3 September 2014. Archived from the original on 13 September 2014. Retrieved 20 October 2014 .
^ "Syria fights to free gas field from Islamic State" . Sacramento Bee . Retrieved 20 October 2014 .
^ Erika Solomon (19 December 2014). "Isis morale falls as momentum slows and casualties mount" . Financial Times . Retrieved December 20, 2014 .
^ Adam Chandler (4 February 2015). "Jordan's King Abdullah Vows Revenge for Death of Mouath al-Kasaesbeh, Who Was Burned Alive by ISIS" . The Atlantic .
^ "ISIL video shows 'Turkish soldiers burned alive' " . www.aljazeera.com . 23 December 2016. Retrieved 6 April 2023 .
^ a b Report on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflict in Iraq: 6 July – 10 September 2014 (PDF) . ohchr.org (Report). Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq.
^ Al Fares, Zaid (5 September 2014). "The Forgotten Isis Beheadings: The World Mourns Steven Sotloff, but who Remembers Bassam al-Rayes?" . International Business Times UK . Retrieved 17 December 2014 .
^ Kestler-D'Amours, Jillian (6 October 2014). "Syria journalists 'on the margins of history' " . aljzeera.com . Retrieved 17 December 2014 .
^ "Areas controlled by Islamic State are news 'black holes' - Reporters Without Borders" . Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-02-15 .
^ Alyssa Newcomb (August 20, 2014). "Another American hostage threatened with death" . CBS News . World News. Retrieved August 20, 2014 .
^ Paul Hirschson (September 3, 2014). "Steven Sotloff, Journalist Beheaded by ISIS, Was Also Israeli Citizen" . NBC News . Retrieved September 3, 2014 .
^ Raf Sanchez (September 2, 2014). "Steven Sotloff 'beheaded by Islamic State' – latest" . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved September 2, 2014 .
^ "After James Foley, ISIS beheads another US journalist Steven Sotloff" . The Times of India . September 3, 2014. Retrieved September 3, 2014 .
^ "Libya's ISIS branch claims execution of two Tunisian journalists" . Al Akhbar English .
^ Laub, Karin (January 31, 2015). "Japanese hostage Kenji Goto seen beheaded in ISIS video, bringing abrupt end to negotiations to free him" . National Post . Retrieved January 31, 2015 .
^ "David Haines – obituary" . The Daily Telegraph . London. September 14, 2014.
^ Robinson, Nick (September 3, 2014). "British hostage: PM says UK will not be 'cowed' by threats" . BBC News . Retrieved September 8, 2014 .
^ Haberman, Zach (September 13, 2014). "David Haines video: Full transcript of ISIS footage that allegedly depicts beheading of British aid worker" . New York Times . Retrieved September 14, 2014 .
^ "Niçois enlevé en Algérie: Fabius confirme l'authenticité de la vidéo" . Nice Matin . September 22, 2014. Archived from the original on February 1, 2015.
^ "Algerian extremists behead French hostage" . Associated Press . September 24, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014 .
^ "Legal View". CNN . No. September 24, 2014.
^ "Jund al-Khilafah in Algeria Beheads French Hostage in Video" . SITE Intelligence Group . September 24, 2014. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014 .
^ a b "Alan Henning 'killed by Islamic State' " . BBC . October 3, 2014. Retrieved October 3, 2014 .
^ Harper, Tom (September 14, 2014). "Alan Henning: Second British hostage in Isis beheading video named as 'kind and funny' aid worker" . The Independent . London. Retrieved September 14, 2014 .
^ Botelho, Greg; Pearson, Michael; Taylor, Phillip (September 13, 2014). "ISIS executes British aid worker David Haines; Cameron vows justice" . CNN.com. Retrieved September 14, 2014 .
^ Cobain, Ian (September 14, 2014). "Isis hostage: Alan Henning described as 'a big man with a big heart' " . The Guardian . Retrieved September 14, 2014 .
^ "Remembering Abdul-Rahman (Peter) Kassig" . Butler University. November 19, 2014. Retrieved December 18, 2014 .
^ "BBC News - Abdul-Rahman Kassig killing is pure evil, says Obama" . BBC News . Retrieved November 19, 2014 .
^ Eason, Brian; Wang, Stephanie; Adams, Michael Anthony (October 3, 2014). "Indianapolis native Peter Kassig named next ISIS target" . Indianapolis Star. Retrieved October 12, 2014 .
^ Wagner, Meg (October 9, 2014). " 'On our own, with no help from the government': Peter Kassig's mom claims U.S. won't help kidnapped son, tweets to ISIS for his release" . New York Daily News . Retrieved October 12, 2014 .
^ "US hostage Kassig letter: 'I am scared to die' " . BBC News . Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ "Parents of US hostage Peter Kassig appeal to Isis for his release" . the Guardian . Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ "Peter Kassig's parents in video plea to ISIS: 'Show mercy' " . October 4, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ Brian Eason (November 20, 2014). "Peter Kassig's birth family breaks silence" . The Indianapolis Star . Retrieved November 24, 2014 . The Kassigs acknowledged on Thursday that they adopted Peter as an infant.
^ "Indianapolis native Peter Kassig named next ISIS target" . October 3, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ "Peter Kassig: Idealistic aid worker who converted to Islam in captivity" . Telegraph.co.uk . October 4, 2014. Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ a b "The back story of the former Ranger held captive by Islamic State" . Military Times. October 6, 2014. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved October 12, 2014 .
^ "Peter Kassig's Conversion Unlikely to Halt ISIS Headsman, Experts Say" . U.S. News & World Report . Retrieved October 7, 2014 .
^ "IS Beheads Peter Kassig, Challenges U.S. to Send Ground Troops" . SITE Monitoring Service. 2014-11-16. (transcript of the video, largely based on the original English subtitles)
^ Hjelmgaard, Kim (November 16, 2014). "U.S. review of Islamic State video confirms American's death" . USA Today. Retrieved November 16, 2014 .
^ a b Doug Stanglin; Jim Michaels; Jessica Estepa; Shaun McKinnon (February 7, 2015). "Officials: No proof U.S. hostage killed in airstrike" . USA Today. (Arizona) Republic, Associated Press. Retrieved February 7, 2015 .
^ Rukmini Callimachi; Rick Gladstone (February 6, 2015). "ISIS Declares Airstrike Killed a U.S. Hostage" . New York Times . Eric Schmitt and Julie Hirschfeld Davis from Washington; Rana F. Sweis and Ranya Kadri from Amman, Jordan; Anne Barnard from Beirut, Lebanon; and Sheri Fink from New York. Retrieved February 7, 2015 .
^ "Islamic State says female US hostage killed in Syria" . Press Association . Independent.ie. February 6, 2015. Retrieved February 7, 2015 .
^ Peter Foster, "US female hostage held by Isil is dead, confirms Obama," The Telegraph , 10 Feb 2015
^ "Kayla Mueller, American ISIL hostage, is dead," , Al Jazeera America , February 10, 2015
^ Rukmini Callimachi, "Death of Kayla Mueller, ISIS Hostage, Confirmed by Family and White House," , New York Times , FEB. 10, 2015
^ "被IS扣押中国人质为樊京辉 在京从事广告行业 ." Sina . September 10, 2015. Retrieved on November 19, 2015.
^ "Islamic State claims it has killed two more hostages" . BBC News . 2015-11-19.
^ "ISIS: Executes Chinese, Norwegian Captives, According To Claims, Both Countries Condemn Killings" . Headlines & Global News (HNGN). 2015-11-19.
^ "IS group says it has killed Norwegian, Chinese captives" . Yahoo News. 2015-11-18.
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