A limited dependent variable is a variable whose range of
possible values is "restricted in some important way."[1] In econometrics, the term is often used when
estimation of the relationship between the limiteddependent variable
of interest and other variables requires methods that take this
restriction into account. For example, this may arise when the variable
of interest is constrained to lie between zero and one, as in
the case of a probability, or is constrained to be positive,
as in the case of wages or hours worked.
Censoring, where for some individuals in a data set, some data are missing but other data are present;
Truncation, where some individuals are systematically excluded from observation (failure to take this phenomenon into account can result in selection bias);
Discrete outcomes, such as binary decisions or qualitative data restricted to a small number of categories. Discrete choice models may have either unordered or ordered alternatives; ordered alternatives may take the form of count data or ordered rating responses (such as a Likert scale).[3]