List of ancient Baltic peoples and tribes
The following is a list of ancient Baltic peoples and tribes .
Background
This is a list of the ancient Baltic peoples and tribes. They spoke the Baltic languages (members of the broader Balto-Slavic ), a branch of the Indo-European language family, which was originally spoken by tribes living in area east of Jutland peninsula, southern Baltic Sea coast in the west and Moscow , Oka and Volga rivers basins in the east, to the northwest of the Eurasian steppe . Modern descendants are the Lithuanians and Latvians (they themselves assimilated other related Baltic tribes).
List of ancient Baltic peoples and tribes (table)
Groups
Peoples / Nations
Tribes
Languages
Land / Region / Localities
Eastern Balts †
Dniepr Balts
Neuri ? (mentioned by Herodotus ; possibly a Baltic or Slavic tribe)
Unknown
Dnieper basin (north of the Pontic Eurasian steppe )
Oka Balts
Eastern Galindians
Unknown
Upper courses of the Dniepr and Oka rivers basins, including Moscow region
Eastern (Middle) Balts
Latvians (Latvieši )
Latgalians (Latgaļi )
Old Latgalian
Latvia , Latgalia (Latgola) - Adzele , Gersika or Jersika (Alene , Autine , Casvaine , Ērgļi , Gerdene , Jersika Proper , Lerene , Mārksne , Negeste , Osota , Preiļi ), Kūknuojs and Eastern Vāina ,
Lotygola or Latgalia Proper (Īdeņa , Ludza , Rēzne , Varka ),
Pītuolova (Ābelene , Abrene ,
Bērzene , Purnava ) and Tuolova or Tālava (Gulbene , Imera , Piebalga , Smiltene , Trikāta and Idumaa and Vendi )
Lithuanians (Lietuviai )
Aukštaitians ("Highlanders")
Old Lithuanian (Old Aukštaitian )
Aukštaitija - Alšėnai , Deltuva , Lietuva (Lithuania Proper or Lietuvos Žemė ),
Nalšia and Nerija
Samogitians ("Lowlanders")
Old Lithuanian (Old Samogitian )
Samogitia (Žemaitija ) - Gaižuva , Karšuva , Knituva , Kulenė , Milžava , Šiauliai (Šiaulių Žemė ),
Medininkai and Upytė (Upytės Žemė )
Prussian Lithuanians (Lietuvininkai )
Old Lithuanian
Lithuania Minor (Mažoji Lietuva )
Transitional Balts† [ 1]
Curonians
Curonian
Curonia or Courland (Kurzeme , Kursa ) - Bandava , Ceklis , Curonian Spit (Kuršu kāpas ) and Vistula Spit , Duvzare , Megava , Piemare , Pīlsats , Vanema or Miera Kursa , Ventava
Selonians
Selonian
Selonia (Sēlija ) - Alektene , Kalvene , Maleisine , Medene , Pelone , Tovrakste
Semigallians
Semigallian
Semigalia (Zemgale ) - Dobele or Duobele , Dobene or Duobe , Guosta Galis , Mežotne , Nogailene , Plāne , Putelene , Sidabre , Silene , Šiurpe , Spārnene , Tērvete , Upmale , Žagare
Western Balts †
Yotvingians
Yotvingian
Yotvingia - Dainava or Dzukija , Jotva or Yotva , Paleksija or Palenke and Sudovia (Sūdava )
Prussians (Prūsai )
Scalovians
Scalovian
Scalovia and Lamata
Bartians
Prussian
Bartia
Lubavians
Prussian
Lubavia
Nadruvians
Prussian
Nadruvia
Natangians
Prussian
Natangia
Pogesanians
Prussian
Pogesania
Pomesanians
Prussian
Pomesania and Kulmerland
Sambians
Prussian
Sambia
Sasnans
Prussian
Sasna
Warmians or Varmians
Prussian
Warmia
Western Galindians
Galindian
Galindia (Western)
Pomeranian Balts
Unknown
Unknown
Pomerania
† Extinct
Ancestors
Map 1: Indo-European migrations as described in The Horse, the Wheel, and Language by David W. Anthony
List of Ancient Baltic peoples and tribes (kinship tree)
Map 2: Distribution area of Baltic hydronyms . This area is considered the urheimat of the Balts .
Map 3: Baltic archaeological cultures in the Iron Age from 600 BC to 200 BC. Lower Neman and West-Latvian group (
Curonians )
Plain-Pottery culture, AKA Dnepr-Dvina culture
Bell-shaped burials group
Map 4: Eastern Europe in 3-4th century CE with archeological cultures identified as Baltic-speaking in purple. Their area extended from the Baltic Sea to modern Moscow region.
Map 5: During the Migration Period in 5-6th century CE, the area of archeological cultures identified as Baltic is becoming more fragmented.
Map 6: By the 7th–8th century CE, only Eastern Galindians remain in the east within the Slavic territory.
Map 7: Distribution of the Baltic tribes, circa 1200 CE. The Eastern Balts are shown in brown hues while the Western Balts are shown in green. The boundaries are approximate.
Hypothetical Ancient Baltic peoples and tribes
Possible Balts
Balts or Slavs
Balts, Slavs or Uralics
Notes
External links
The tribes are listed according to the original names and order