List of the vascular plants of the Falkland Islands
The flora of the Falkland Islands comprises 178 native species (marked * in the list below), 219 non-native species ('†') and 6 of uncertain status.[1] Thirteen species (marked in bold) are endemic to the islands, and two – Gamochaeta malvinensis and Polystichum mohrioides – are near-endemics, being also found on other nearby islands.[2]
Ferns and fern allies
Huperzia fuegiana , fir clubmoss*
Lycopodium confertum , creeping clubmoss*
Lycopodium magellanicum , common clubmoss*
Ophioglossum crotalophoroides , adder's-tongue*
Equisetum arvense , field horsetail†
Adiantum chilense , maidenhair-fern*
Asplenium dareoides , spleenwort*
Asplenium scolopendrium , hart's-tongue fern
Blechnum magellanicum , tall-fern*
Blechnum penna-marina , small-fern*
Botrychium dusenii , Dusen's moonwort*
Cystopteris fragilis , brittle bladder-fern*
Dryopteris dilatata , broad buckler-fern†
Dryopteris filix-mas , male-fern†
Grammitis poeppigiana , strap-fern*
Hymenophyllum caespitosum , red-haired filmy-fern*
Hymenophyllum darwinii , Darwin's filmy-fern*
Hymenophyllum falklandicum , Falkland filmy-fern*
Hymenophyllum tortuosum , twisted filmy-fern*
Hypolepis poeppigii , bramble-fern*
Parablechnum cordatum , Chilean tall-fern*
Polystichum mohrioides , shield-fern*
Rumohra adiantiformis , leathery shield-fern*
Schizaea fistulosa , comb fern*
Sticherus cryptocarpa , coral-fern*
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Ranunculales
Illustration of Hamadryas argentea , a plant endemic to the Falkland Islands
Berberidaceae
Papaveraceae
Ranunculaceae
Hamadryas argentea , silvery buttercup *
Psychrophila appendiculata , dwarf marigold*
Psychrophila sagittata , arrow-leaved marigold*
Ranunculus acaulis , Skottsberg's buttercup*
Ranunculus biternatus , Antarctic buttercup*
Ranunculus hydrophilus , marsh buttercup*
Ranunculus maclovianus , Falkland buttercup*
Ranunculus pseudotrullifolius , false ladle-leaved buttercup*
Ranunculus repens , creeping buttercup†
Ranunculus sceleratus , celery-leaved buttercup†
Ranunculus sericocephalus , silky buttercup*
Ranunculus trullifolius , ladle-leaved buttercup*
Gunnerales
Saxifragales
Crassulaceae
Grossulariaceae
Haloragaceae
Saxifragaceae
Fabales
Cytisus scoparius , broom†
Glycyrrhiza astragalina ,†
Lotus corniculatus , bird's-foot-trefoil†
Lotus pedunculatus , greater bird's-foot-trefoil†
Lupinus arboreus , tree lupin†
Medicago sativa , lucerne†
Trifolium arvense , hare's-foot clover†
Trifolium aureum , golden clover†
Trifolium dubium , lesser trefoil†
Trifolium fragiferum , strawberry clover†
Trifolium hybridum , alsike clover†
Trifolium pratense , red clover†
Trifolium repens , white clover†
Trifolium striatum , knotted clover†
Ulex europaeus , gorse†
Ulex gallii , western gorse†
Vicia cracca , tufted vetch†
Vicia sativa , common vetch†
Vicia sepium , bush vetch†
Rosales
Rosaceae
Acaena antarctica , Antarctic prickly-burr*
Acaena lucida ,* yarrow*
Acaena magellanica , prickly-burr*
Acaena ovalifolia , oval-leaved prickly-burr*
Acaena pumila , dwarf prickly-burr*
Aphanes arvensis , parsley-piert†
Malus domestica , apple†
Potentilla anserina , silverweed†
Prunus domestica , plum†
Rosa canina , dog-rose†
Rosa rubiginosa , sweet-briar†
Rosa rugosa , Japanese rose†
Rubus geoides , Falkland strawberry*
Rubus idaeus , raspberry†
Sorbus aria , whitebeam†
Sorbus aucuparia , rowan†
Urticaceae
Fagales
Celastrales
Oxalidales
Malpighiales
Elatinaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Salicaceae
Violaceae
Geraniales
Myrtales
Myrtaceae
Onagraceae
Malvales
Brassicales
Armoracia rusticana , horseradish†
Brassica napus , swede†
Brassica oleracea , cabbage†
Brassica rapa , turnip†
Capsella bursa-pastoris , shepherd's-purse†
Cardamine glacialis , bitter-cress*
Cardamine hirsuta , hairy bitter-cress†
Cochlearia officinalis , English scurvygrass†
Draba funiculosa , whitlowgrass*
Draba magellanica , Fuegian whitlowgrass*
Erophila verna , introduced whitlowgrass†
Hesperis matronalis , dame's-violet†
Lepidium didymum , lesser swine-cress*
Nasturtium officinale , water-cress†
Phlebolobium maclovianum , Falkland rock-cress *
Santalales
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium arvense , field mouse-ear*
Cerastium fontanum , common mouse-ear†
Cerastium glomeratum , sticky mouse-ear†
Colobanthus quitensis , Andean pearlwort*
Colobanthus subulatus , emerald-bog*
Sagina filicaulis , annual pearlwort†
Sagina procumbens , procumbent pearlwort†
Silene latifolia , white campion†
Silene uniflora , bladder campion†
Spergula arvensis , corn spurrey†
Spergularia marina , lesser sea-spurrey*
Stellaria alsine , bog stitchwort†
Stellaria debilis ,* stitchwort*
Stellaria graminea , lesser stitchwort†
Stellaria media , chickweed†
Droseraceae
Montiaceae
Plumbaginaceae
Polygonaceae
Polygonum aviculare , knotgrass†
Polygonum maritimum , sea knotgrass*
Rheum × hybridum , rhubarb†
Rumex acetosa , sorrel†
Rumex acetosella subsp. acetosella , sheep's sorrel†
Rumex acetosella subsp. pyrenaicus , round-seeded sheep's sorrel†
Rumex crispus , curled dock†
Rumex hydrolapathum , water dock†
Rumex longifolius , northern dock†
Rumex magellanicus , southern dock*
Rumex obtusifolius , broad-leaved dock†
Ericales
Ericaceae
Primulaceae
Gentianales
Gentianaceae
Rubiaceae
Boraginaceae
Solanales
Lamiales
Illustration of Calceolaria fothergilli (left), a plant endemic to the Falkland Islands
Calceolariaceae
Callitrichaceae
Lamiaceae
Orobanchaceae
Plantaginaceae
Scrophulariaceae
Veronicaceae
Asterales
Illustration of Nassauvia serpens , a plant endemic to the Falkland Islands
Illustration of Senecio falklandicus , a plant endemic to the Falkland Islands
Asteraceae
Abrotanella emarginata , notched moss-bog*
Achillea millefolium , yarrow†
Agoseris coronopifolium , Fuegian hawks-beard*
Anthemis punctata , Sicilian chamomile†
Baccharis magellanica , Christmas-bush*
Bellis perennis , daisy†
Chevreulia lycopodioides , clubmoss cudweed *
Chiliotrichum diffusum , fachine*
Cichorium intybus , chicory†
Cirsium arvense , creeping thistle†
Cirsium vulgare , spear thistle†
Crepis capillaris , smooth hawks-beard†
Erigeron incertus , hairy daisy *
Gamochaeta americana , American cudweed*
Gamochaeta antarctica , Antarctic cudweed *
Gamochaeta malvinensis , Falkland cudweed*
Gamochaeta spiciformis , spiked cudweed*
Gnaphalium luteoalbum , Jersey cudweed†
Hieracium antarcticum , Antarctic hawkweed*
Hieracium patagonicum , Patagonian hawkweed*
Hypochaeris arenaria , sand cat's-ear*
Hypochaeris radicata , common cat's-ear†
Lagenophora nudicaulis , dwarf daisy*
Leontodon hispidus , rough hawkbit†
Leptinella scariosa , buttonweed*
Leucanthemum vulgare , oxeye daisy†
Leucanthemum × superbum , Shasta daisy†
Leucheria suaveolens , vanilla daisy *
Matricaria discoidea , pineappleweed†
Nassauvia gaudichaudii , coastal nassauvia *
Nassauvia serpens , snakeplant *
Perezia recurvata , Falkland lavender*
Pilosella aurantiaca , orange hawkweed, fox-and-cubs†
Pilosella officinarum , mouse-ear-hawkweed†
Senecio candidans , sea cabbage*
Senecio falklandicus , woolly Falkland daisy *
Senecio jacobaea , European ragwort†
Senecio squalidus , Oxford ragwort†
Senecio sylvaticus , heath groundsel†
Senecio vaginatus , smooth Falkland daisy *
Senecio vulgaris , groundsel†
Sonchus asper , prickly sow-thistle†
Sonchus oleraceus , smooth sow-thistle†
Symphyotrichum vahlii , marsh daisy*
Tanacetum parthenium cv. 'Aureum' , golden feverfew†
Tanacetum vulgare , tansy†
Taraxacum gilliesii , Gillie's dandelion*
Taraxacum officinale , dandelion†
Tripleurospermum maritimum , scentless mayweed†
Tussilago farfara , colt's foot†
Nastanthus falklandicus , false-plantain *
Calyceraceae
Dipsacales
Caprifoliaceae
Valerianaceae
Apiales
Apiaceae
Anthriscus sylvestris , cow parsley†
Apium australe , wild celery*
Azorella filamentosa , wiry azorella*
Azorella lycopodioides , clubmoss azorella*
Azorella monantha , tufted azorella*
Azorella selago , cushion azorella*
Bolax gummifera , balsam-bog*
Conium maculatum , hemlock†
Heracleum sphondylium , hogweed†
Levisticum officinale , lovage†
Lilaeopsis macloviana , lilaeopsis*
Oreomyrrhis hookeri , Hooker's sweet cicely*
Schizeilema ranunculus , buttercup-parsley*
Araliaceae
Hydrocotylaceae
Alismatales
Juncaginaceae
Potamogetonaceae
Ruppiaceae
Liliales
Alstroemeriaceae
Corsiaceae
Asparagales
Alliaceae
Asparagaceae
Asteliaceae
Iridaceae
Orchidaceae
Xanthorrhoeaceae
Poales
Centrolepidaceae
Cyperaceae
Carex acaulis , small dusky sedge*
Carex aematorrhyncha , blood-beak sedge*
Carex banksii , Banks' sedge*
Carex caduca , caducous sedge*
Carex canescens , white sedge*
Carex decidua , creek sedge*
Carex flacca , glaucous sedge†
Carex fuscula , dusky sedge*
Carex macloviana , Falkland sedge*
Carex magellanica , fuegian sedge*
Carex microglochin , bristle sedge*
Carex sagei , Sage's sedge*
Carex trifida , sword-grass*
Carex vallis-pulchrae , marsh sedge*
Eleocharis melanostachys , spike-rush*
Isolepis cernua , nodding club-rush*
Oreobolus obtusangulus , oreob / prickly-bog*
Schoenoplectus californicus , California club-rush*
Uncinia kingii , king's hook-sedge*
Uncinia macloviana , hook-sedge*
Juncaceae
Juncus articulatus , jointed rush†
Juncus bufonius , toad rush†
Juncus effusus , soft rush†
Juncus scheuchzerioides ,* rush*
Luzula alopecurus ,* wood-rush*
Luzula campestris , field wood-rush†
Luzula multiflora subsp. congesta , dense-headed heath wood-rush†
Luzula multiflora subsp. multiflora , heath wood-rush†
Marsippospermum grandiflorum , tall rush*
Rostkovia magellanica , short rush / brown rush*
Poaceae
Agrostis capillaris , common bent†
Agrostis magellanica , Fuegian bent*
Agrostis meyenii , Meyen's bent*
Agrostis stolonifera , creeping bent†
Aira caryophyllea , silver hair-grass†
Aira praecox , early hair-grass†
Alopecurus geniculatus , marsh foxtail†
Alopecurus magellanicus , Fuegian foxtail*
Ammophila arenaria , marram†
Anthoxanthum odoratum , sweet vernal-grass†
Arrhenatherum elatius , false oat-grass†
Avena sativa , oat†
Bromus catharticus , rescue brome†
Bromus condensatus , upright brome†
Bromus hordeaceus , soft brome†
Bromus sterilis , barren brome†
Cortaderia pilosa , whitegrass*
Cynosurus cristatus , crested dog's-tail†
Dactylis glomerata , cock's-foot†
Deschampsia antarctica , Antarctic hair-grass*
Deschampsia flexuosa , wavy hair-grass*
Deschampsia parvula , dwarf hair-grass*
Elymus farctus , sand couch†
Elymus magellanicus , Fuegian couch*
Elymus repens , common couch†
Festuca contracta , land-tussac*
Festuca filiformis , fine-leaved sheep's fescue – Poaceae
Festuca magellanica , Fuegian fescue*
Festuca ovina , sheep's fescue – Poaceae
Festuca pratensis , meadow fescue†
Festuca rubra , red fescue†
Hierochloe redolens , cinnamon-grass*
Holcus lanatus , Yorkshire fog†
Hordeum comosum , hairy barley†
Hordeum jubatum , foxtail barley†
Hordeum murinum , wall barley†
Koeleria permollis , Berg's hair-grass*
Leymus arenarius , lyme-grass†
Lolium multiflorum , Italian rye-grass – Poaceae
Lolium perenne , perennial rye-grass†
Phalaris arundinacea var. arundinacea , reed canary-grass†
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta , gardeners-garters†
Phleum pratense , timothy†
Poa alopecurus , bluegrass*
Poa annua , annual meadow-grass†
Poa flabellata , tussac / tussac-grass*
Poa pratensis , smooth-stalked meadow-grass†
Poa robusta , shore meadow-grass*
Poa trivialis , rough-stalked meadow-grass†
Puccinellia pusilla , dwarf saltmarsh-grass*
Stipa neaei , feathergrass†
Trisetum phleoides , spiked oat-grass*
Trisetum spicatum , spike trisetum†
Triticum aestivum , wheat†
Vulpia bromoides , squirreltail fescue†
References