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Mallows Bay

Mallows Bay-Widewater Historic and Archeological District
A shipwreck at Mallows Bay, February 2011
A shipwreck at Mallows Bay, February 2011
Mallows Bay is located in Maryland
Mallows Bay
Mallows Bay is located in the United States
Mallows Bay
LocationOff Sandy Point
Charles County, Maryland[1]
Coordinates38°28′21.4″N 77°16′6.9″W / 38.472611°N 77.268583°W / 38.472611; -77.268583 (Mallows Bay, Potomac River, Maryland)[1]
NRHP reference No.15000173
Added to NRHPApril 24, 2015
This article is about the bay itself. For the national marine sanctuary in which it lies, see Mallows Bay–Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary.

Mallows Bay is a small bay on the Maryland side of the Potomac River in Charles County, Maryland, United States. The bay is the location of what is regarded as the "largest shipwreck fleet in the Western Hemisphere"[2][3] and is described as a "ship graveyard."[4]

Mallows Bay is in the northeast corner of the Mallows Bay–Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary, which the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration designated on September 3, 2019.[5] The bay lies in the northeast corner of the 18 square miles (47 km2) of Potomac River waters included in the sanctuary.[5][6]

Ghost fleet

The "Ghost Fleet" of Mallows Bay is a reference to the hundreds of ships whose remains still rest in its relatively shallow waters.[7][8] In total, 230 United States Shipping Board Merchant Fleet Corporation ships are sunken in the river.[9] More than 100 of the vessels are wooden steamships, part of a fleet built to cross the Atlantic during World War I.[7] Because they were built of wood due to a lack of available steel, most of these ships were obsolete upon completion after the end of the war.[7]

The U.S. Navy did not want the ships, which were stored in the James River – at the cost of $50,000 a month – so they were sold to the Western Marine & Salvage Company.[7] The company moved the ships to the Potomac River at Widewater, Virginia and in 1925, they were towed to Mallows Bay.[7] Western Marine went bankrupt and the ships were burned and remained where they lay.[7] During World War II, Bethlehem Steel built a salvage basin to recover metal from the abandoned ships.[9] Wrecks of various civilian boats are also present at the site.[7]

Access to the ships is through Mallows Bay Park, operated by the county, located at 1440 Wilson Landing Road in Nanjemoy, Maryland. A 0.8-mile (1.3 km) trail loops around the park and the salvage basin. In 2010, a boat ramp and pier for recreational use was constructed to provide access to the Potomac River. It is popular to canoe or kayak among the ship ruins; the ships form a reef that hosts an array of wildlife.[10][11][9]

The bay was listed as an archaeological and historic district on the National Register of Historic Places on April 24, 2015,[12] and was included in the Mallows Bay–Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary on September 3, 2019.[5]

Among the most prominent ships seen at Mallows Bay is the S.S. Accomac.[13][14][15]

  • Aerial photograph 1936. Mallows Bay on Potomac River below Quantico and between Sandy Point and Liverpool Point. (Full image)
    Aerial photograph 1936. Mallows Bay on Potomac River below Quantico and between Sandy Point and Liverpool Point. (Full image)
  • Valuable maritime heritage
    Valuable maritime heritage
  • Almost submerged shipwrecks, February 2017
    Almost submerged shipwrecks, February 2017
  • Aerial view of the shoreline of Mallows Bay looking toward the Potomac River
    Aerial view of the shoreline of Mallows Bay looking toward the Potomac River
  • Overhead photo of Mallows Bay indicating the location of a buoy moored in 2018 that monitors water quality. Shipwrecks also are visible.
    Overhead photo of Mallows Bay indicating the location of a buoy moored in 2018 that monitors water quality. Shipwrecks also are visible.

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mallows Bay
  2. ^ Shomette, Donald G. (Winter 2001). "The Ghost Fleet of Mallows Bay". The Maryland Natural Resource. Archived from the original on April 20, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  3. ^ Shomette, Donald G. (Winter 1999). "The Ghost Fleet of Mallows Bay". Invention & Technology Magazine. 14 (3). Archived from the original on December 3, 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  4. ^ United States Coast Pilot. Vol. 3 (43rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: National Ocean Service. 2010. p. 313. Retrieved May 5, 2010.
  5. ^ a b c "Designation of Mallows Bay-Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary". www.federalregister.gov. September 9, 2019.
  6. ^ Map at "Mallows Bay–Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary Photos and Videos". sanctuaries.noaa.gov. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Lutz, Lara (September 10, 2014). "Ghost fleet may go from wrecks to recreation". Bay Journal. Archived from the original on December 14, 2017.
  8. ^ Interesting, Sometimes (April 18, 2013). "The Ghost Fleet of Mallows Bay". Retrieved March 23, 2017.
  9. ^ a b c Peck, Garrett (2012). The Potomac River: A History and Guide. Charleston, SC: The History Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-1609496005.
  10. ^ "New Boat Ramp in Mallows Bay". Southern Maryland Living. May 12, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
  11. ^ "Mallows Bay" (PDF). Maryland Department of Natural Resources. July 19, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 19, 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2010.
  12. ^ ""Mallows Bay-Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary Designation," Federal Register, Vol. 84, No. 30, pp. 32586–32606" (PDF). sanctuaries.noaa.org. Federal Resgister. July 8, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2024.
  13. ^ Flint, Peter. "This is the S.S. Accomac which began its career as..." EyeEm. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016.
  14. ^ "A Paddler's Guide to Mallows Bay" (PDF). Charles County, Maryland. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
  15. ^ "8 SIGHTS TO SEE IN MALLOWS BAY-POTOMAC RIVER NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARY". National Marine Sanctuary Foundation. August 19, 2020. Retrieved March 10, 2023.

Further reading

  • Shomette, Donald (1996) Ghost Fleet of Mallows Bay and Other Tales of the Lost Chesapeake. Centreville, Maryland: Tidewater Publishers. ISBN 0870334808. OCLC 35103126.
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