Plenasium
Genus of ferns
Plenasium is a genus of ferns in the family Osmundaceae .[ 1] It is recognized in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I),[ 2] but kept within a more broadly circumscribed genus Osmunda by other sources.[ 3] The genus is known from Early Cretaceous to present.[ 4]
Taxonomy
As of October 2019[update] , the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World accepted the following four species:[ 1]
Phylogeny of Plenasium [ 5] [ 6]
The following fossil species are also accepted.[ 4]
†P. arnoldii (C.N.Mill. 1967) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017
†P. bransonii (Tidwell & Medlyn, 1991) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (?Eocene: New Mexico, USA).
†P. burgii (Tidwell & J.E.Skog, 2002) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (Early Cretaceous: Nebraska, USA).
†P. chandleri (Arnold 1952) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin
†P. crossii (Tidwell & L.R.Parker, 1987) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (Paleocene: Wyoming, USA).
†P. dakotense (Tidwell & J.E.Skog, 2002) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (Early Cretaceous: South Dakota, USA).
†P. dowkeri (Carruthers 1870) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017
†P. moorei (Tidwell & Medlyn, 1991) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (?Eocene: New Mexico, USA).
†P. nebraskense (Tidwell & J.E.Skog, 2002) Bomfleur, Grimm & McLoughlin 2017 (Early Cretaceous: Nebraska, USA).
†P. (Aurealcaulis ) elegans Hiller et al. 2019 (Eocene, Vietnam)[ 7]
†P. (Plenasium) xiei Cheng et al. 2019 (Late Cretaceous, Northeastern China)[ 8]
References
^ a b c Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (August 2019), "Plenasium", Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World , Version 8.10, retrieved 2019-10-01
^ PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution . 54 (6): 563–603. doi :10.1111/jse.12229 . S2CID 39980610 .
^ "Plenasium C.Presl" , Plants of the World Online , Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2019-10-01
^ a b Bomfleur, Benjamin; Grimm, Guido W.; McLoughlin, Stephen (2017-07-11). "The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes" . PeerJ . 5 : e3433. doi :10.7717/peerj.3433 . ISSN 2167-8359 . PMC 5508817 . PMID 28713650 .
^ Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life" . Frontiers in Plant Science . 13 : 909768. doi :10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 . PMC 9449725 . PMID 36092417 .
^ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL" . FTOL v1.3.0. 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022 .
^ Hiller, P.; Böhme, M.; Schneider, S.; Prieto, J.; Bomfleur, B. (2020-04-17). "Plenasium (Aurealcaulis) elegans sp. nov. from the Eocene of Vietnam – a connecting link in the evolution of modern Royal Ferns (Osmundeae, Osmundaceae)" . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology . 18 (8): 703–715. Bibcode :2020JSPal..18..703H . doi :10.1080/14772019.2019.1683771 . ISSN 1477-2019 . S2CID 209573114 .
^ Cheng, Ye-Ming; Liu, Feng-Xiang; Tian, Ning; Jin, Yue-Gao; Sun, Tong-Xing (2021). "Plenasium xiei sp. nov. from the Cretaceous of Northeast China: Additional evidence for the longevity of osmundaceous ferns" . Journal of Systematics and Evolution . 59 (2): 375–387. doi :10.1111/jse.12532 . ISSN 1759-6831 . S2CID 199634398 .