UralVagonZavod (Russian: ОАО «Научно-производственная корпорация «УралВагонЗавод», romanized: OAO "Nauchno-proizvodstvennaya korporatsiya "UralVagonZavod", lit. 'Open Joint Stock Company "Research and Production Corporation Ural Wagon Factory"') is a Russian machine-building company located in Nizhny Tagil, Russia.
It is one of the largest scientific and industrial complexes in Russia[5] and the largest main battle tank manufacturer in the world.[6]
Etymology
The name Уралвагонзавод means Ural Railroad Car (wagon) Factory.
After the war, tank production was scaled down. Part of the Vagonka's manufacturing and design assets were transferred back to Kharkiv's Diesel Factory No. 75 during 1945–1951. Uralvagonzavod was expanded to produce other kinds of machinery: agricultural, construction, aviation, and space, including design and production of the Vostok, Voskhod, Proton and Energiaexpendable rockets.[9]
Aleksandr Morozov left UVZ to lead the tank design bureau in Kharkiv in 1951, taking many of his engineers with him.[10] Morozov was replaced by A. V. Kolesnikov in the interim.[10]Leonid N. Kartsev was promoted to Section 520 chief designer in 1953, days before the death of Joseph Stalin.[11] After his promotion, Kartsev was approached by the NKVD and told to hand over his jewish workers. Kartsev refused. The conflict was resolved following a coup led by Nikita Khrushchev that removed Lavrentiy Beria from power.[12]
At the Kartsev-Venediktov Design Bureau (OKB-520), the T-54A and T-55 (a development of Morozov's T-54), T-62, T-72, and T-90 tanks were designed.[9] The design bureau was working on a next-generation main battle tank, rumored to be called the T-95, until this project was cancelled in May 2010.[13] It manufactures Russia's newest main battle tank, the T-14 Armata.[14]
The company's main products include railway cars, tanks, road-building vehicles, agricultural vehicles such as the RT-M-160, metallurgical products, tools and consumer goods.[5]
Production of T-90 main battle tanks accounts for 18–20% of the company's overall production.[22] In 2008, Uralvagonzavod produced about 175 tanks, including 62 T-90As for the Russian Ministry of Defense and 60 T-90Ss for India.[6] This represents the highest level of tank production at UralVagonZavod and in Russia as a whole since 1993. According to Moscow Defense Brief, in 2008 the number of tanks produced by the company, was greater than the number of main battle tanks produced by all the other countries of the world put together.[6]
Railway cars and other civilian production amounted to two-thirds of the company's overall output in 2008.[23]
In 2011, the company's revenue was $3 billion. The net profit was $0.33 billion.[24]
In July 2023, Russian Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu stated that the supplies and overhaul of T-72 and T-90 tanks by Uralvagonzavod had surged 3.6 times since early 2022.[25] It was reported by the company in late December 2023 that it had successfully performed the year's state defense order for T-90M and modernized T-72B3M tanks.[26]
Diploma of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (October 10, 2016) — for services to strengthening the defense capability of the state, the development and creation of modern weapons and military equipment.
Badge of Honour "For Success in Labour" (September 13, 2021) — for his great contribution to the creation of new special equipment, strengthening the country's defense capability and high performance in production activities.
In 2011 UVZ won in two nominations of the annual interregional award «Results of the year of the Urals and Siberia-2011».
References
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