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West African Dwarf sheep

West African Dwarf sheep
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The West African Dwarf or Djallonké is an African breed or group of breeds of domestic sheep. It is the dominant breed of West and Central Africa.[1] This breed is primarily raised for meat.[2] The Cameroon or Cameroon Dwarf is a breed within this group.[3]: 775 

Characteristics

The West African Dwarf is generally white or piebald, the front half being black and the back half white. However, skewbald (tan on white) and the black belly pattern are found, and the Kirdi type are specially selected to be entirely black. Rams weigh approximately 37 kg (82 lb), have a well-developed throat ruff and are usually horned. The horns are wide at the base, curve backwards, outwards and then forwards again, with a maximum of one and a half coils. Ewes weigh about 25 kg (55 lb) and are usually polled (hornless), but may have slender short horns. The ears are short and pendulous, the neck is long and slender, the chest is deep, the legs are short, the back is long and dished, higher at the withers than at the tail-head, and the tail reaches the hocks.[1][4]

On average, ewes produce 1.15 to 1.50 lambs per lambing.[1] This breed grows slowly as evaluated in Nigeria in the last 1970s. The overall growth rates from 0–90, 91–150 and 151–350 days old were 74, 49 and 34 g/day, respectively.[5] This breed is also highly tolerant of trypanosome.[6] This breed is thought to go into oestrus throughout the year.[7]

Cameroon sheep

The Cameroon is a hair sheep which it sheds yearly in the spring. Ewes can raise two lamb crops per year. Their most common color is brown with a black belly, head, and legs. Cameroon sheep are more likely accept their newborn lamb than other sheep breeds do which makes them great mothers.[8]

Distribution

The West African Dwarf sheep is found in West Africa, its range extending from Senegal to Chad, Gabon, Cameroon and the Republic of the Congo. It is adapted for life in humid forested areas, sub-humid areas and savannahs. The Kirdi or Poulfouli is a wholly black variant found in northern Cameroon and southwestern Chad.[4]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "Breeds of Livestock - West African Dwarf Sheep — Breeds of Livestock, Department of Animal Science". Oklahoma State University. 26 July 2021. Retrieved 2022-03-09.
  2. ^ "West African Dwarf/Benin". Breed Data Sheet. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System. Retrieved 2009-09-09.
  3. ^ Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
  4. ^ a b R. T. Wilson (1991). Small Ruminant Production and the Small Ruminant Genetic Resource in Tropical Africa. Food & Agriculture Organisation. pp. 158–164. ISBN 978-92-5-102998-5.
  5. ^ Mack, S.D. "Evaluation of the productivities of West African dwarf sheep and goats in southwest Nigeria". International Livestock Research Institute. Retrieved 2009-05-07.
  6. ^ Mawuena; K. (1987). "Haut degré de tolérance à la trypanosomose des moutons et des chèvres de race naine Djallonké des régions Sud-guinéennes du Togo. Comparaison avec les bovins trypanotolérants" [High degree of trypanotolerance in dwarf Djallonké sheep and goats in the southern Guinean area of Togo. Comparison with trypanotolerant cattle]. Revue d'élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux [Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine in Tropical Countries]. 40 (1): 55–8. doi:10.19182/REMVT.8696. PMID 3444966. S2CID 86116225.
  7. ^ Ngere, L. O. and Dzakuma J. M. (1975). "The effect of sudden introduction of rams on oestrus pattern of tropical ewes". Journal of Agricultural Science. 84 (2). Cambridge: 263–264. doi:10.1017/S0021859600052382. S2CID 86486611.
  8. ^ "Cameroon". Sheep Breeds C. Sheep101.info. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

Further reading

  • Fitzhugh und Bradford (eds.): Hairsheep of West Africa and the Americas. A genetic resource for the tropics. 1983
  • R.M. Njwe und Y. Manjeli: Milk yield of Cameroon dwarf blackbelly sheep - Production laitière de moutons Djallonké au Cameroun. In: Small ruminant research and development in Africa - Réseau africain de recherche sur les petits ruminants. ILCA Research Report - 2, 1982, X5520/B
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