Salep

Obere ụdị nke	drink
Akụkụ nke	Turkish cuisine
Nwere ojiji	food thickener
Akara ala	Salep, سحلب
Ihe ejị mee ya	Orchis

 

 From Wikidata

Salep, a kpọkwara sahlep ma ọ bụ sahlab, bụ ntụ ọka sitere na tubers nke orchid genus Orchis (gụnyere ụdị Orchis mascula na Orchis militaris ). Ndị a tubers nwere ihe na-edozi ahụ, starchy polysaccharide akpọ glucomannan . A na-eri ntụ ọka ire ere na ihe ọṅụṅụ na ihe oriri, karịsịa na nri nke Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman mbụ, karịsịa na Levant ebe ọ bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ oge oyi. Mmụba nke oriri na-eme ka mkpochapụ nke orchids mpaghara na akụkụ Turkey na Iran. ^[1]

Okwu salep n'ikpeazụ sitere na Arabic saḥlab , site na French na Turkish salep na etiti narị afọ nke 18. O nwere ike mebie okwu Arabic site na ḵuṣā aṯ-ṯaʕlab ( Arabic ). ^{[2] [3] [4]}

Ndị Rom oge ochie na-eji bọlbụ orchid n'ala mee ihe ọṅụṅụ, nke ha kpọrọ aha n'ọtụtụ aha, karịsịa satyrion na priapiscus . Dị ka aha ndị ahụ na-egosi, ha weere ya dị ka aphrodisiac dị ike. N'ime salep, Paracelsus dere, sị: "Lee mgbọrọgwụ Satyrion, ọ bụ na a kpụrụghị ya dị ka akụkụ nzuzo nke nwoke? Ọ dịghị onye nwere ike ịgọnarị nke a. N'ihi ya, anwansi achọpụtara ya ma kpughee na ọ nwere ike iweghachi omume nwoke na agụụ mmekọahụ ".

Salep bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ewu ewu n'ala ndị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman . Ọ nwere aha ọma dị ka "fattener" maka ụmụ agbọghọ, iji mee ka ha na-adaba tupu alụmdi na nwunye. ^[5] Oriri ya gbasaara ebe ahụ ruo England na Germany tupu kọfị na tii ebili, e mesịakwa nye ya dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ ọzọ n'ụlọ kọfị. Na England, a maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ dị ka saloop . Na-ewu ewu na narị afọ nke 17 na 18 na England, nkwadebe ya chọrọ ka a na-etinye ntụ ntụ salep na mmiri ruo mgbe ọ ga-adị ụtọ, mgbe ahụ, a ga-esi ísì ụtọ na ifuru oroma ma ọ bụ mmiri rose. Mgbanwe nke mgbọrọgwụ orchid nke Britain, nke a maara dị ka "nkịta nkịta", maka ụdị ndị Turkish mbụ bụ ihe a na-anabata na narị afọ nke 18.

Saloop bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-ewu ewu na England na narị afọ nke 18 na 19th. Na mbụ, e mere ya site na salep, ọtụtụ n'ime ha sitere na Smyrna . ^[7] Ka e mesịrị, mgbọrọgwụ na akwụkwọ nke osisi sassafras nke North America bụ isi ihe. Osisi a mere ka ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ sie ike ma nwee àgwà na-akpali akpali.

A na-ere ihe ọṅụṅụ a n'ọnọdụ tii na kọfị, bụ ndị dị oké ọnụ ahịa, ma jiri mmiri ara ehi na shuga na-enye ya n'ụzọ yiri nke ahụ.

A na-eji ya mee ihe dị ka ọgwụgwọ maka ọrịa dị iche iche, gụnyere "na-adịghị ala ala mmanya inebriety" ^[8] na scurvy . ^[9] Ihe a ma ama ya dara mgbe e kwuru na a na-agwọ ọrịa anụ ahụ, yabụ ịṅụ ya n'ihu ọha ghọrọ ihe ihere. E ji ụlọ ahịa kọfị dochie ụlọ Saloop dị na London. ^[10]

A na-ejikarị mmiri ara ehi na-ekpo ọkụ eme ihe ọṅụṅụ sahlab ugbu a karịa mmiri. A na-esikwa ntụ ọka salep mee ihe oriri ndị ọzọ, gụnyere salep pudding na dondurma . Mpaghara Kahramanmaraş nke Turkey bụ onye na-emepụta sahlab nke a maara dị ka Maraş Salebi. Ihe ewu ewu nke sahlab na Turkey emeela ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na orchids ọhịa belata, ma bụrụkwa nke iwu na-akwadoghị ibupụ ezi ire ere. ^[11] N'ihi ya, a na-eji ekpomeekpo artificial mee ọtụtụ ngwakọta sahlab ozugbo. Salep na-aṅụkwa mmanya na Albania na Gris; a na-erekarị ya n'okporo ámá dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi na-atụ n'afọ. Ọ na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Middle East, karịsịa na Egypt na Levant. Ezinụlọ nọ na Turkey na-aṅụ ụdị na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi. ^[12]

A na-eme atụmatụ na kwa afọ na Turkey, a na-egbute tubers 30 sitere na ụdị 38; ọ na-ewe site na 1,000 ruo 4,000 tubers iji mee otu kilo nke ntụ ọka. N'ihi ụkọ ụdị ụfọdụ na mkpochapụ mpaghara na-abawanye ụba, ndị ahịa na-ewe ihe ubi orchid ọhịa na Iran. Abdolbaset Ghorbani nke Mahadum Uppsala na-eme atụmatụ na n'etiti 7 na 11 nde orchids nke ụdị iri na itoolu na ụdị dị iche iche ka anakọtara site na ugwu Iran na 2013, na-ebuga ihe ka ukwuu na Turkey. Owuwe ihe ubi nke tubers orchid na-abawanyekwa na Gris. ^[1]

Na Middle East, "sahlab" bụ ihe ọṅụṅụ oyi na-ekpo ọkụ nke na-ekpo ọkụ na mmiri ara ehi na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi ísì ụtọ, nke a na-eji mkpụrụ na cinnamon chọọ ya mgbe ụfọdụ. ^[13]

• Dalby (2003). Food in the Ancient World: From A to Z. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-23259-3. 
• Davidson (1987). Oxford Companion to Food. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-211579-9. 
• "Ice cream threatens Turkey's flowers", BBC News, August 5, 2003.
• (1995) in Jacobi: Paracelsus: Selected Writings. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-01876-8. 
• Pedanius Dioscorides. De materia medica. 
• Pliny the Elder. Naturalis historia. 
• Pseudo-Apuleius. Herbarium Apuleii Platonici. 
• Theophrastus. Historia plantarum.