Tera
| Obere ụdị nke | Teraic  |
|---|---|
| Mba/obodo | Naijiria |
| Ụmụ amaala ka | Ȯra Borno, Federal Capital Territory (Nigeria), Ȯra Gombe |
| Ọkwa asụsụ Ethnologue | 6a Vigorous |
Tera bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. [1] (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.
Ụdị dị iche iche
Blench depụtara ụdị asụsụ ndị a dị ka akụkụ nke ụyọkọ asụsụ Tera. [2]
- Nyimatli
- Pidlimdi
- Bura Kokura
Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
| Akpụkpọ ahụ | Alveolar | Mgbe e mesịrị. /ObodoPalatal |
Velar | Mkpịsị aka | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ala dị larịị | ọnụ. | etiti | n'akụkụ | ala dị larịị | egbugbere ọnụ. | ||||||||||||
| Ụgbọ imi | m | mʲ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||||||||||||
| Kwụsị1 | ala dị larịị | p | b | t2 | d2 | tʃ2 | dʒ2 | k | ɡọ | kʷ | ɡʷ | ||||||
| Nwanyị na-agba ọsọ. | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᶮdʒ | ᵑɡ | ᵑɡʷ | ||||||||||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɓʲ | ka | Ihe a na-akpọ China | |||||||||||||
| Ihe na-esiri ike | f | v | vʲ | s | z | ɬ | Ọdịdị | ʃ | ʒ | x | ɣ | xʷ | ɣʷ | h3 | |||
| Ihe atụ | ala dị larịị | l | j | w | |||||||||||||
| Akpụkpọ ahụ. | jˀ4 | ||||||||||||||||
| Ihe na-atọ ụtọ | r | ||||||||||||||||
- A na-eji obere ụdaolu eme ihe ma a naghị ewepụta ya tupu ụdaume ọzọ.
- [3]/dʒ/ /t/ na /d/ nwere /tʃ/ na / dʒ/ n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka allophones mana ụzọ abụọ ahụ kewara; Otú ọ dị, alveolar plosives anaghị ebute ụdaume ihu na post-veolar affricates anaghị ebute ihe ọ bụla ma e wezụga ụdaume ihu.
- /h/ bụ ụdaume ọhụrụ, na-apụta na okwu ndị a gbazitere site na Bekee Ndị Hausa.
- [3] /jī/ sitere na /ɗʲ/ nke na-enweghị njikọ alveolar ya mgbe ọ na-ejigide ọrụ palatal na glottal.
| N'ihu | Central | Ịlaghachi azụ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N'akụkụ | i iː | Ọdịdị | u uː |
| N'etiti | na eː | o oː | |
| Emeghe | a aː |
- Mkpụrụedemede etiti /e, eː, o, oː/ bụ eziokwu-etiti.
- Mkpụrụedemede /a, aː/ bụ etiti [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] . [4]
na-egbochi ọdịiche dị iche iche nke ụdaume na okwu monosyllabic na-enweghị ụdaume coda.
Mkpụrụedemede niile ma e wezụga /a/ na /aː/ na-emeghe na mkpụrụedemede mechiri emechi dịka na [[[ikpu') na [xʊ́r] ('ikpu ofe'). /a/ na /aː/ na-abụkarị n'ihu [[[:Templeeti:IPAplink]], Templeeti:IPAplink] mgbe ha na-agbaso ụdaume palatalized.
Diphthongs, nke nwere otu ogologo dị ka ụdaume ogologo, nwere ụdaume na-abụghị elu na ụdaume dị elu:
| Diphthong | Ihe Nlereanya | Orthography | Nkọwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| /eu/ | /ɓeu/ | N'ihi na | 'Ọ dị ilu' |
| /oi/ | /woi/ | Ọ bụ n'ihi ya | 'nwa' |
| /ai/ | /ɣài/ | ghai | 'obodo' |
| /au/ | /ɮàu/ | dlau | 'na-arịa ọrịa' |
- 'ụzọ ụdaolu, okwu ndị a bụ [eɪ, oɪ, ɐɪ, ʊ] .
Ụda
Tera bụ Asụsụ ụda olu, na-eme ka ụda dị elu, dị n'etiti na nke dị ala. naghị egosi ụda olu n'ụzọ orthographic ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị obere trios dị; enwere ike ịmata obere ụzọ abụọ site na ihe gbara ya gburugburu.
Orthography
Mbipụta mbụ na Tera bụ Labar Mbarkandu nu Yohanna Bula Ki, nsụgharị nke Oziọma Jọn, nke guzobere usoro orthographic. 'afọ 2004, e dezigharịrị usoro orthographic a.
Edensibia
ụyọkọ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa n'ebeebe ugwu na n'ebe ọwụwa Anyanwụ Gombe Steeti na Borno Steeti. (2006) kwenyere na Pidlimdi (Hinna) dialect bụ asụsụ dị iche.
- ↑ Blench, 2006. The Afro-Asiatic Languages: Classification and Reference List (ms)
- ↑ Blench (2019). An Atlas of Nigerian Languages, 4th, Cambridge: Kay Williamson Educational Foundation.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Tench (2007:229)
- ↑ Tench (2007:230)
Akwụkwọ
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