Turi

Turi
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Spoken in: India 
Region: Jharkhand
Total speakers: 2,000
Language family: Tustrusyawit
 Munda
  North
   Kherwarian
    Mundaric
     Turi
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: —
ISO 639-3: trd
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

Turi bụ Asụsụ Austroasiatic nke India nke nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke sitere n'òtù Kherwarian Munda.[1] Grierson (1906) kọwara na Turi yiri Mundari na Santali. Ọkara pasentị nke ndị Turi na-asụ ya, ndị ọzọ kwagara Sadri na Jharkhand, Mundari na West Bengal, na Odia na Odisha. A na-akpọ Turi ndị a dịka otu agbụrụ a haziri ahazi na Jharkhand. [2]

Nbudata

[3]

  • Jharkhand (pop. 133,137 dị ka nke 1981; mgbe ahụ akụkụ nke Bihar) Giridih district Ranchi district Hazaribagh district
    • Mpaghara Giridih
    • Mpaghara Ranchi
    • Mpaghara Hazaribagh
  • Chhattisgarh
    • Mpaghara Raigarh
  • West Bengal (pop. 26,443 dị ka nke 1981)
  • Odisha (pop. 7,374 dị ka nke 1981)

Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

Mkpụrụ okwu

Dị ka Santali na Mundari, mana /ʋ/ na-anọchi /w/ na Turi.

  Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Mkpịsị aka
Ụgbọ imi m n (ɳ) * ɲ ŋ  
Kwụsị voiceless p (ph) t (nke mbụ) __ibo____ibo____ibo__ Isiokwu tʃ (tʃɦ) k (kh) ʔ
voiced b (bɦ) d (dɦ) ɖ (ɖɦ) dʒ (dʒɦ) ɡ (ɡɦ)  
Ihe na-esiri ike   s       h
Trill/Flap   r ɽ      
N'akụkụ   l        
Ihe atụ       j ʋ  

Mkpụrụedemede

  N'ihu Central Ịlaghachi azụ
Elu i   u
N'etiti elu   (ə)  
Ọkara ala ɛ   ɔ
Ala Dị Ala   a  

Ọdịdị

Nkwekọrịta okwu

otu abụọ ọtụtụ
Onye nke mbụ pụrụ iche = aka/=ɲ (iɲ) =liɲ =ịma
gụnyere = n'etiti =pu
Onye nke abụọ =m =bin =pɛ
Onye nke atọ =i (ihe) / =ɛ (ihe) =kin =ku

Oge, ọnọdụ, akụkụ/aktionsart

Nke etiti Ịrụsi Ọrụ Ike
Ugbu a -tan -ụtan
Ọdịnihu -ɔʔ/-ɔ/-ʔ/-Ø -Ø
Oge gara aga -ɛn/-kɛn/-ɔn/-ɔʔ-ɛn -ɛkɛn - Oge gara aga ezughi oke -Tad - Oge gara n'ihu dị mfe
Ugbu a zuru oke -akan (-akad)
Ihe zuru oke n'oge gara aga -ịkọwa -lɛʔ/-laʔ

Edensibia

  1. ↑ (2024) "A Brief Introduction to the Turi Language of Eastern India". Bhasha 3 (2): 263–304. DOI:10.30687/bhasha/2785-5953/2024/02/005. 
  2. ↑ Census of India. www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved on 2018-07-26.
  3. ↑ Ramu (1991-01-01). "Changing Family Structure and Fertility Patterns: An Indian Case". Journal of Asian and African Studies 26 (3–4): 189–206. DOI:10.1177/002190969102600302. ISSN 0021-9096. 
  • Konow, Sten 1906. Tūrī Na Grierson, George A. (ed.), Muṇḍā na Dravidian Languages, 128-134. Calcutta: Ọfịs nke Superintendent nke obibi akwụkwọ gọọmentị.
  • Osada, Toshiki 1991. Nkọwa nke Nna Ponette na Turi na Vocabulary Comparative. Journal of Asian and African Studies 42. 175–189.

Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

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