Akson
Akson predstavlja produžetak citoplazme živčane stanice, a funkcija mu je da odašilje formirani signal na sledeću nervnu ćeliju ili izvršni organ.[1]
Aksoni variraju u svojoj dužini od nekoliko centimetara do nekoliko desetaka centimetara, a okruženi su zaštitnom, izolirajućim omotačem, koja se naziva mijelinski omotač. Taj omotač je belkaste boje i građen je od tkiva koje sadrži masnoće i belančevine, a omogućava brzo, ravnomerno i efikasno prenošenje živčanih impulsa duž aksona.
Akson započinje aksonskim brežuljkom što se nastavlja u početni odsečak aksona, gotovo uvek ima pobočne ogranke, a završava više ili manje opsežnim završnim razgranjanjem; pojedinačni ogranak tog razgranjanja je presinaptički aksonski završetak što se završava lukovičastim proširenjem, tzv. završnim čvorićem.[2]
Završna grupa razgranjenja aksona mođe da oblikuje posebne pericelularne spletove, koji poput korpi obavijaju tela drugih neurona.
Reference
- ^ Yau, KW (1976). „Receptive fields, geometry and conduction block of sensory neurons in the CNS of the leech”. J. Physiol.. Lond. 263 (3): 513—538. PMC 1307715
. PMID 1018277. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011643.
- ^ Clark, BD; Goldberg, EM; Rudy, B (2009). „Electrogenic tuning of the axon initial segment.”. The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry. 15 (6): 651—68. PMC 2951114 . PMID 20007821. doi:10.1177/1073858409341973.
Spoljašnje veze
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