Coleopterida

Coleopterida
Vremenski raspon: 300–0 Ma
Dytiscus latissimus (Coleoptera), Caenocholax fenyesi (Strepsiptera) i Stephanastus polinae (Skleroptera)
Naučna klasifikacija e
Carstvo: Animalia
Tip: Arthropoda
Klasa: Insecta
Kladus: Holometabola
Kladus: Aparaglossata
Kladus: Neuropteroidea
Kladus: Coleopterida
Redovi

Coleopterida je nadred insekata koji se sastoji od redova Coleoptera i Strepsiptera. Ustanovljena je kao sestrinska grupa Neuropterida na osnovu filogenetske analize podataka o sekvenci DNK. Grupisanje je podržano i morfološkim podacima.[3] Procenjuje se da su se Coleopterida prvi put pojavila tokom perioda karbona, ali najraniji potvrđeni fosili grupe datiraju iz perma.[4] Karbonsku vrstu insekata Stephanastus polinae neki autori tumače kao sestrinsku grupu Coleoptera i Strepsiptera (kao sopstveni izumrli red, Skleroptera), ali je ovo tumačenje osporavano i alternativno je sugerisano da je pripadnik izumrlog reda. Protelytroptera (matična grupa modernih Dermaptera, uholaža).[4][1][2]

Reference

  1. ^ а б Rolf G. Beutel; Evgeny V. Yan; Jarmila Kukalová-Peck (2019). „Is †Skleroptera (†Stephanastus) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)?”. Insect Systematics & Evolution. 50 (5): 670—678. S2CID 90936851. doi:10.1163/1876312X-00002187. 
  2. ^ а б Alexander G. Kirejtshuk; Andre Nel (2019). „Reply to the Paper "Beutel et al. 2018. Is †Skleroptera (†Stephanastus) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)?"”. Insect Systematics & Evolution. 51 (3): 375—383. S2CID 202027899. doi:10.1163/1876312X-00002206. 
  3. ^ Beutel, Rolf G.; Pohl, Hans; Yan, Evgeny V.; Anton, Eric; Liu, Si-Pei; Ślipiński, Adam; McKenna, Duane; Friedrich, Frank (јануар 2019). „The phylogeny of Coleopterida (Hexapoda) - morphological characters and molecular phylogenies: Phylogeny of Coleopterida”. Systematic Entomology (на језику: енглески). 44 (1): 75—102. S2CID 92390950. doi:10.1111/syen.12316 Слободан приступ. 
  4. ^ а б Beutel, R.G.; Xu, C.; Jarzembowski, E.; Kundrata, R.; Boudinot, B.E.; McKenna, D.D.; Goczał, J. (2024). „The evolutionary history of Coleoptera (Insecta) in the late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic”. Systematic Entomology. Early View: 1—34. doi:10.1111/syen.12623 Слободан приступ. 

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