Halid

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Halid je binarno jedinjenje. Jedan njegov deo je atom halogena, a drugi deo je element ili radikal sa manjom (ili većom) elektronegativnošću od halogena. Halid može da bude fluorid, hlorid, bromid, jodid, ili astatid.[1][2] Mnoge soli su halidi. Svi alkalni metali formiraju halide. Oni su bele čvrste materije na sobnoj temperaturi.

Halidni jon je atom halogena sa negativnim nabojom. Halidni anjoni su fluorid (F−), hlorid (Cl−), bromid (Br−), jodid (I−) i astatid (At−). Ovi joni su prisutni u svim jonskim halidnim solima.

Testovi

Halidna jedinjenja kao što je KCl, KBr i KI se mogu testirati sa rastvorom srebro nitrata, AgNO3. Halogen reaguje sa Ag+ i formira precipitat različite boje u zavisnosti od halogena:

  • AgF: ne taloži se
  • AgCl: beo
  • AgBr: krem (bledo žut)
  • AgI: zelen (žut)

Za organska jedinjenja koja sadrže halide se koristi Bajlštajnov test.

Vidi još

Reference

  1. ^ Housecroft, C. E.; Sharpe, A. G. (2008). Inorganic Chemistry (3. изд.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-175553-6. 
  2. ^ Holleman A. F.; Wiberg E. (2001). Inorganic Chemistry (1st изд.). San Diego: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-352651-5. 

Literatura

Spoljašnje veze

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