CCR5
CCR5 (C-C hemokinski receptor tip 5, CD195) je protein na površini belih krvnih zrnca. On je komponenta imunskog sistema koja deluje kao receptor za hemokine. Mnoge forme HIV-a, virusa koji uzrokuje AIDS, inicijalno koriste CCR5 da uđu i inficiraju ćelije domaćina. Mali broj osoba ima mutaciju poznatu kao CCR5 delta 32 na CCR5 genu, koja ih zaštićuje od tih vrsta HIV-a.
Kod ljudi, CCR5 gen koji kodira CCR5 protein je lociran na kratkoj (p) ruci u poziciji 21 hromozoma 3. Pojedine populacije su nasledile Delta 32 mutaciju koja je dovela do genetičke delecije porcije CCR5 gena. Homozigotni nosioci ove mutacije su otporni na M-tropne loze HIV-1 infekcije.[1]
Funkcija
CCR5 protein pripada familiji beta hemokinskih receptora, integralnih membranskih proteina.[2][3] On je G protein spregnuti receptor[2] koji deluje kao hemokinski receptor u CC hemokinskoj grupi.
Prirodni hemokinski ligandi koji se vezuju za ovaj receptor su RANTES (hemotaksni citokinski protein koji je takođe poznat kao CCL5)[4][5][6] i makrofagni inflamatorni protein (MIP) 1α i 1β (takođe poznat kao CCL3 i CCL4). On isto tako formira interakcije sa CCL3L1.[5][7]
CCR5 je predominantno izražen na T ćelijama, makrofagama, dentritskim ćelijama i mikroglijama. Smatra se da CCR5 učestvuje u inflamatornom odgovoru na infekciju, mada njegova specifična uloga u normalnim imunskim funkcijama nije potpuno razjašnjena.
Reference
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- ^ а б „Genetics Home Reference”. Архивирано из оригинала 24. 09. 2009. г. Приступљено 08. 04. 2012.
- ^ Samson M, Labbe O, Mollereau C, Vassart G, Parmentier M (1996). „Molecular cloning and functional expression of a new human CC-chemokine receptor gene”. Biochemistry. 35 (11): 3362—7. PMID 8639485. doi:10.1021/bi952950g.
- ^ Slimani H, Charnaux N, Mbemba E, Saffar L, Vassy R, Vita C, Gattegno L (2003). „Interaction of RANTES with syndecan-1 and syndecan-4 expressed by human primary macrophages”. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1617 (1-2): 80—8. PMID 14637022. doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2003.09.006.
- ^ а б Struyf S, Menten P, Lenaerts JP, Put W, D'Haese A, De Clercq E, Schols D, Proost P, Van Damme J (2001). „Diverging binding capacities of natural LD78beta isoforms of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha to the CC chemokine receptors 1, 3 and 5 affect their anti-HIV-1 activity and chemotactic potencies for neutrophils and eosinophils”. Eur. J. Immunol.. 31 (7): 2170—8. PMID 11449371. doi:10.1002/1521-4141(200107)31:7<2170::AID-IMMU2170>3.0.CO;2-D.
- ^ Proudfoot AE, Fritchley S, Borlat F, Shaw JP, Vilbois F, Zwahlen C, Trkola A, Marchant D, Clapham PR, Wells TN (2001). „The BBXB motif of RANTES is the principal site for heparin binding and controls receptor selectivity”. J. Biol. Chem.. 276 (14): 10620—6. PMID 11116158. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010867200.
- ^ Miyakawa T, Obaru K, Maeda K, Harada S, Mitsuya H (2002). „Identification of amino acid residues critical for LD78beta, a variant of human macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, binding to CCR5 and inhibition of R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication”. J. Biol. Chem.. 277 (7): 4649—55. PMID 11734558. doi:10.1074/jbc.M109198200.
Literatura
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Vidi još
Spoljašnje veze
- Video i tekst o otkriću CCR5-a
- „Chemokine Receptors: CCR5”. IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Архивирано из оригинала 18. 01. 2021. г..
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