TRAIL
| Faktor nekroze tumora (ligand) superfamilija, član 10 | |||||||||||
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| Dostupne strukture | |||||||||||
| 1d0g, 1d2q, 1d4v, 1dg6, 1du3 | |||||||||||
| Identifikatori | |||||||||||
| Simboli | TNFSF10; APO2L; Apo-2L; CD253; TL2; TRAIL | ||||||||||
| Vanjski ID | OMIM: 603598 MGI: 107414 HomoloGene: 2824 GeneCards: TNFSF10 Gene | ||||||||||
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| Pregled RNK izražavanja | |||||||||||
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| podaci | |||||||||||
| Ortolozi | |||||||||||
| Vrsta | Čovek | Miš | |||||||||
| Entrez | 8743 | 22035 | |||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000121858 | ENSMUSG00000039304 | |||||||||
| UniProt | P50591 | Q3TZR6 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | NM_003810 | NM_009425 | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | NP_003801 | NP_033451 | |||||||||
| Lokacija (UCSC) |
Chr 3: 173.71 - 173.72 Mb |
Chr 3: 27.51 - 27.53 Mb | |||||||||
| PubMed pretraga | [1] | [2] | |||||||||
TRAIL, TNF-srodni apoptoza-indukujući ligand, je protein koji funkcioniše kao ligand koji indukuje proces ćelijske smrti (apoptozu). TRAIL je takođe naziva CD253 (klaster diferencijacije 253).[1][2][3]
Gen
Kod ljudi, gen koji kodira TRAIL je lociran na hromozomu 3q26. On nije u blizini drugih članova TNF familije. Genomska struktura TRAIL gena se sastoji od približno 20 kb i formirana je od pet eksonskih segmenata 222, 138, 42, 106, i 1245 nukleotida i četiri introna sa približno 8.2, 3.2, 2.3 i 2.3 kb. TRAIL genu nedostaju TATA i CAAT kutije, i promotorski region sadrži putativne response elemente za GATA, AP-1, C/EBP, SP-1, OCT-1, AP3, PEA3, CF-1, i ISRE.
Struktura
TRAIL pokazuje homologiju sa drugim članovima faktor nekroze tumora superfamilije. On se sastoji od 281 aminokiseline i ima karakteristike tipa II transmembranskog proteina (i.e. nema vodeću sekvencu i unutrašnji transmembranski domen). N-terminalni citoplazmatični domen nije konzerviran među članovima familije. U kontrastu s njim, C-terminalni ekstracelularni domen je konzerviran i može biti proteolitički odsečen sa ćelijske površine. TRAIL formira homotrimer koji vezuje tri molekula receptora.
Funkcija
TRAIL se vezuje za receptore smrti DR4 (TRAIL-RI) i DR5 (TRAIL-RII). Proces apoptoze je zavistan od kaspaze-8. Kaspaza-8 aktivira nizvodne efektorske kaspaze uključujući prokaspaze-3, -6, i -7, što dovodi do aktivacije specifičnih kinaza.[4] TRAIL se takođe vezuje za receptore DcR1 i DcR2, koji ne sadrže citoplazmatični domen (DcR1), ili koji imaju skraćeni domen smrti (DcR2). DcR1 funkcioniše kao TRAIL-neutrališući mamac-receptor. Citoplazmatični DcR2 domen je funkcionalan i aktivira NFkapaB. U ćelijama koje izražavaju DcR2, TRAIL vezivanje aktivira NFkapaB, što dovodi do transkripcije gena za koje se zna da antagoniziraju signalni put smrti i/ili da promovišu inflamaciju.
Interakcije
Za TRAIL je bilo pokazano da interaguje sa TNFRSF10B.[5][6][7]
Vidi još
Reference
- ^ Wiley SR, Schooley K, Smolak PJ, Din WS, Huang CP, Nicholl JK, Sutherland GR, Smith TD, Rauch C, Smith CA (1995). „Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis”. Immunity. 3 (6): 673—82. PMID 8777713. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90057-8.
- ^ Pitti RM, Marsters SA, Ruppert S, Donahue CJ, Moore A, Ashkenazi A (1996). „Induction of apoptosis by Apo-2 ligand, a new member of the tumor necrosis factor cytokine family”. J. Biol. Chem.. 271 (22): 12687—90. PMID 8663110. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.22.12687. Архивирано из оригинала 19. 01. 2005. г. Приступљено 04. 08. 2010.
- ^ Mire-Sluis, Anthony R.; Thorpe, Robin, ур. (1998). Cytokines (Handbook of Immunopharmacology). Boston: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-498340-5.
- ^ Song JJ, Lee YJ (2008). „Differential cleavage of Mst1 by caspase-7/-3 is responsible for TRAIL-induced activation of the MAPK superfamily”. Cell. Signal.. 20 (5): 892—906. PMC 2483832
. PMID 18276109. doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2008.01.001.
- ^ Kaptein, A; M, Jansen; et al. (2000). „Studies on the interaction between TWEAK and the death receptor WSL-1/TRAMP (DR3)”. FEBS Lett.. NETHERLANDS. 485 (2-3): 135—41. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 11094155. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02219-5.
- ^ Walczak, H; Degli-Esposti M A; et al. (1997). „TRAIL-R2: a novel apoptosis-mediating receptor for TRAIL”. EMBO J.. ENGLAND. 16 (17): 5386—97. ISSN 0261-4189. PMC 1170170
. PMID 9311998. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.17.5386.
- ^ Hymowitz, S G; Christinger H W; et al. (1999). „Triggering cell death: the crystal structure of Apo2L/TRAIL in a complex with death receptor 5”. Mol. Cell. UNITED STATES. 4 (4): 563—71. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 10549288. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80207-5.
Literatura
- Wiley S, Schooley K, Smolak P, Din W, Huang C, Nicholl J, Sutherland G, Smith T, Rauch C, Smith C (1995). „Identification and characterization of a new member of the TNF family that induces apoptosis”. Immunity. 3 (6): 673—82. PMID 8777713. doi:10.1016/1074-7613(95)90057-8.
- Almasan A, Ashkenazi A (2004). „Apo2L/TRAIL: apoptosis signaling, biology, and potential for cancer therapy.”. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev.. 14 (3-4): 337—48. PMID 12787570. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(03)00029-7.
- Cha SS, Song YL, Oh BH (2004). „Specificity of molecular recognition learned from the crystal structures of TRAIL and the TRAIL:sDR5 complex.”. Vitam. Horm.. 67: 1—17. PMID 15110168. doi:10.1016/S0083-6729(04)67001-4.
- Song C, Jin B (2005). „TRAIL (CD253), a new member of the TNF superfamily.”. J. Biol. Regul. Homeost. Agents. 19 (1-2): 73—7. PMID 16178278.
- Bucur O, Ray S, Bucur MC, Almasan A (2006). „APO2 ligand/tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in prostate cancer therapy.”. Front. Biosci.. 11: 1549—68. PMID 16368536. doi:10.2741/1903.
Spoljašnje veze
- Apoptoza, Trail & Kaspaze 8 - Mapa proteolize-animacija
- PDB: 1D2Q
- TRAIL+Protein на US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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